Table 2 Respiratory parameters, ventilatory settings, and adjunctive interventions during mechanical ventilation course
Day 1 | Day 3 | Day 5 | Day 7 | Day 10 | Day 14 | Day 21 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Oxygenation status | ||||||||
PaO2, mmHg | S | 77.0 [66.4–89.0] | 85.0 [76.5–106.5] | 82.0 [73.1–103.8] | 81.2 * [76.7–99.1] | 85.5 * [77.3–91.0] | 92.5 * [83.2–106.5] | 78.5 [70.9–105.6] |
NS | 75.0 [61.0–91.8] | 81.0 [64.2–103.0] | 78.0 [60.6–97.3] | 77.0 [65.0–83.8] | 72.4 [61.7–79.5] | 69.0 [55.3–78.0] | 80.8 [76.9–87.3] | |
FiO2, unit | S | 0.60 * [0.50–0.75] | 0.50 * [0.48–0.60] | 0.60 * [0.50–0.60] | 0.50 * [0.41–0.55] | 0.40 * [0.35–0.50] | 0.40 * [0.31–0.49] | 0.40 * [0.30–0.40] |
NS | 0.75 [0.60–0.90] | 0.70 [0.60–0.80] | 0.70 [0.60–0.90] | 0.65 [0.58–0.80] | 0.80 [0.60–1.00] | 0.85 [0.60–1.00] | 0.70 [0.70–0.74] | |
PaO2/FiO2, mmHg | S | 136.6 * [106.7–160.8] | 170.6 * [124.2–210.0] | 150.0 * [124.7–213.0] | 161.7 * [141.6–245.2] | 221.0 * [170.5–246.3] | 252.7 * [169.8–316.7] | 240.0 * [159.2–409.2] |
NS | 105.5 [76.2–141.7] | 125.0 [83.1–153.7] | 112.0 [80.3–161.3] | 108.9 [85.6–148.3] | 92.2 [67.5–150.0] | 79.0 [56.5–128.6] | 116.2 [109.9–131.7] | |
«Optimum» PEEP, cmH2O | S | 12.0 [10.0–12.0] | 11.0 [10.0–14.0] | 11.0 [10.0–14.0] | 10.0 [10.0–12.0] | 9.0 * [7.0–11.5] | 8.5 [5.0–11.0] | 7.0 [5.3–8.0] |
NS | 11.0 [10.0–13.0] | 12.0 [10.0–13.0] | 10.0 [9.0–12.0] | 10.0 [8.0–12.0] | 10.0 [8.3–11.8] | 10.0 [8.0–14.5] | 9.5 [8.3–11.5] | |
Ventilation status | ||||||||
Tidal volume, ml/kg IBW | S | 8.2 [7.3–8.8] | 8.1 [7.0–8.8] | 8.2 [7.0–8.9] | 8.0 [7.2–9.6] | 8.1 [7.1–10.6] | 7.6 [6.3–8.8] | 7.9 [7.4–10.8] |
NS | 7.7 [7.1–8.2] | 7.7 [7.2–8.2] | 7.9 [7.1–8.4] | 7.9 [7.1–8.8] | 7.9 [7.3–8.7] | 8.2 [7.1–9.0] | 7.8 [6.7–9.1] | |
Total RR, min−1 | S | 20 [18-22] | 20 [18-22] | 20 [18-22] * | 21 [17-23] | 20 [17-22] * | 23 [20-25] | 22 [15-23] |
NS | 21 [18-24] | 22 [18-24] | 23 [20-26] | 22 [18-25] | 23 [19-25] | 23 [20-28] | 23 [22-29] | |
Minute ventilation, l/min | S | 10.0 [8.5–12.0] | 10.0 [8.6–11.3] | 9.9 * [8.1–11.5] | 10.6 [8.2–13.7] | 10.6 [9.1–12.0] | 11.1 [8.0–12.8] | 12.1 [8.5–15.7] |
NS | 11.0 [9.0–13.2] | 10.7 [9.0–13.0] | 11.7 [10.5–14.0] | 11.5 [9.6–13.2] | 12.2 [9.5–14.8] | 12.6 [10.0–13.6] | 10.7 [9.1–12.0] | |
PaCO2, mmHg | S | 47.0 [40.0–61.4] | 52.1 [39.3–61.6] | 42.0 [38.0–55.2] | 40.0 [34.6–45.6] | 39.5 * [35.5–44.6] | 40.0 [36.4–43.8] | 43.6 [37.4–48.0] |
NS | 47.9 [40.3–56.5] | 49.5 [42.3–58.1] | 46.4 [40.7–54.2] | 45.0 [40.5–55.5] | 47.0 [39.5–58.5] | 48.0 [37.4–58.0] | 45.8 [37.6–73.8] | |
Ventilatory ratio | S | 1.9 [1.6–2.6] | 1.9 [1.7–2.6] | 2.0 [1.5–2.2] | 1.9 [1.5–2.1] | 1.8 [1.5–2.1] * | 1.7 [1.6–2.1] * | 2.2 [1.3–2.4] |
NS | 2.2 [1.7–2.7] | 2.2 [1.7–2.7] | 2.2 [1.8–2.7] | 2.1 [1.7–2.8] | 2.5 [1.9–3.2] | 2.5 [1.9–3.2] | 2.7 [1.9–3.2] | |
VDalv/VT, % | S | 0.39 [0.17–0.46] | 0.38 [0.28–0.50] | 0.33 [0.24–0.41] | 0.24 * [0.19–0.31] | 0.26 * [0.20–0.33] | 0.30 [0.25–0.39] | 0.30 [0.21–0.44] |
NS | 0.36 [0.27–0.46] | 0.38 [0.30–0.48] | 0.37 [0.24–0.45] | 0.37 [0.25–0.45] | 0.40 [0.29–0.51] | 0.29 [0.22–0.41] | 0.31 [0.15–0.52] | |
Respiratory mechanics | ||||||||
CRS, ml/cmH2O | S | 38.4 [30.6–45.6] | 37.0 [28.7–38.3] | 39.8 [31.0–49.0] | 42.2 * [29.4–49.0] | 38.8 [28.2–45.3] | 32.3 [25.3–46.3] | 31.0 [25.0–43.0] |
NS | 34.5 [25.0–42.3] | 36.1 [26.2–42.3] | 32.5 [25.0–41.5] | 32.0 [24.5–41.8] | 30.0 [26.0–37.3] | 28.0 [20.7–43.5] | 28.3 [15.0–39.0] | |
Plateau pressure, cmH2O | S | 25.0 [23.5–27.5] | 25.0 [24.0–30.0] | 24.0 * [22.5–27.5] | 23.0 * [22.0–25.0] | 23.0 * [20.3–25.5] | 22.5 * [19.5–27.3] | 19.0 [15.0–19.0] |
NS | 27.0 [24.0–31.0] | 27.0 [24.0–30.0] | 28.0 [24.0–31.5] | 27.0 [24.0–31.0] | 26.5 [24.0–30.8] | 29.0 [24.5–36.5] | 28.0 [22.3–34.5] | |
Driving pressure, cmH2O | S | 13.5 [11.0–15.0] | 14.0 [12.5–15.0] | 13.0 * [10.5–15.0] | 12.5 * [10.3–14.8] | 13.5 * [11.0–15.8] | 16.0 [11.5–17.5] | 16.5 [13.0–22.3] |
NS | 15.0 [12.0–20.0] | 14.5 [12.0–19.0] | 16.0 [13.0–20.0] | 17.0 [13.5–20.5] | 17.5 [15.0–20.0] | 17.0 [13.0–27.5] | 18.0 [11.8–25.8] | |
Resistance, mbar/l/s | S | 10.0 [7.5–13.0] | 10.0 [8.0–12.0] | 10.5 [8.3–12.0] | 8.5 [6.3–10.0] | 9.5 [7.3–11.0] | 10.5 [8.0–12.3] | 11.0 [7.8–12.8] |
NS | 9.0 [6.0–12.0] | 9.0 [7.0–12.0] | 8.0 [7.0–11.0] | 8.0 [7.0–10.0] | 8.5 [7.3–12.0] | 10.0 [7.5–12.5] | 8.0 [6.3–12.0] | |
Adjunctive respiratory interventions | ||||||||
Neuromuscular blockade, n (%) | S | 13 (76.5) | 9 (52.9) * | 6 (35.3) * | 3(18.8) * | 1 (6.3) * | 1 (6.7) * | 1 (14.3) |
NS | 87 (87.9) | 83 (84.7) | 59 (80.8) | 35 (71.4) | 28 (87.5) | 18 (85.7) | 1 (25.0) | |
Prone position, n (%) | S | 7 (41.2) | 6 (35.3) | 5 (29.4) | 4 (25.0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) * | 0 (0) |
NS | 49 (49.5) | 35 (35.4) | 22 (30.1) | 8 (16.3) | 3 (9.4) | 5 (23.8) | 1 (25.0) | |
Lateral position, n (%) | S | 6 (35.3) | 4 (23.5) | 1 (5.9) | 0 (0) | 1 (6.3) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
NS | 19 (19.2) | 20 (20.2) | 14 (19.2) | 14 (28.6) | 8 (25.0) | 5 (23.8) | 0 (0) | |
Assessment of ventilator-associated respiratory infection | ||||||||
Modified CPIS, points | S | 1 [1,2] | 1 [1,2] * | 2 [2] * | 2 [2,3] * | 5 [5] | 5 [4,5] | 5 [4,5] |
NS | 1 [1,2] | 2 [1,2] | 2 [2,3] | 3 [3,4] | 5 [5,6] | 5 [5,6] | 6 [5,6] | |
Organ support | ||||||||
ECMO, n (%) | All | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
RRT, n (%) | S | 1 (5.9) | 1 (5.9) | 0 | 0 | 1 (6.3) | 0 * | 0 |
NS | 2 (2.0) | 3 (3.1) | 4 (5.5) | 7 (14.3) | 5 (16.1) | 5 (23.8) | 0 | |
NE, n (%) | S | 0 | 0 * | 1 (5.9)* | 1 (6.3)* | 2(12.5)* | 1 (7.1) * | 0 |
NS | 19 (19.2) | 27 (27.8) | 32 (43.8) | 21 (42.9) | 18 (56.3) | 14 (66.7) | 2 (50.0) | |