Table 2 Pre- and intraoperative variables and outcomes stratified by datasets
Variables | Training (n = 599) | Validation (n = 244) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|
NSAIDs, n (%) | 540 (90.2) | 217 (88.9) | 0.62 |
Preoperative diuretics, n (%) | 41 (6.8) | 19 (7.8) | 0.66 |
Nephrotoxic antibiotics, n (%) | 52 (8.7) | 27 (11.1) | 0.30 |
Glucocorticoid, n (%) | 0.75 | ||
Dexamethasone | 163 (27.2) | 71 (29.1) | |
Methylprednisolone | 277 (46.2) | 106 (43.4) | |
None | 159 (26.5) | 67 (27.5) | |
Vasoactive agents, n (%) | 0.14 | ||
None | 326 (54.4) | 122 (50.0) | |
Hypertensive agents | 166 (27.7) | 79 (32.4) | |
Hypotensive agents | 62 (10.4) | 32 (13.1) | |
Both | 45 (7.5) | 11 (4.5) | |
Intraoperative diuretics, n (%) | 90 (15.0) | 48 (19.7) | 0.10 |
MAP < 60 mmHg, n (%) | 378 (63.1) | 169 (69.3) | 0.10 |
Duration of MAP < 60 mmHg, min | 5 (0, 20) | 10 (0, 20) | 0.08 |
Duration of operation, h | 3.4 (2.7, 4.5) | 3.4 (2.6, 4.7) | 0.95 |
Fluid balance, ml· kg− 1· h− 1 | 11.8 (9.0, 14.9) | 11.5 (9.0, 14.6) | 0.77 |
Hydroxyethyl starch, ml· kg−1· h− 1 | 3.6 (2.6, 4.9) | 3.6 (2.7, 4.9) | 0.89 |
Ringer’s solution, ml· kg− 1· h− 1 | 9.9 (7.7, 12.9) | 9.8 (7.5, 12.5) | 0.46 |
Urine output, ml· kg− 1· h− 1 | 1.7 (1.0, 2.8) | 1.5 (0.9, 2.8) | 0.33 |
Blood loss, 100 ml | 3 (2, 6) | 3 (2, 5) | 0.99 |
Blood transfusion, n (%) | 137 (22.9) | 55 (22.5) | 1.00 |
Resection extent, n (%) | 0.55 | ||
Right liver | 86 (14.4) | 34 (13.9) | |
Left liver | 155 (25.9) | 72 (29.5) | |
Partial | 358 (59.8) | 138 (56.6) | |
Hepatic inflow occlusion, n (%) | 362 (60.4) | 151 (61.9) | 0.76 |
Duration of occlusion, min | 14 (0, 30) | 14 (0, 27) | 0.82 |
LOS, days | 10 (8,13) | 10 (8,13) | 0.79 |
Postoperative AKI, n (%) | 111 (18.5) | 44 (18.0) | 1.92 |
Death before discharge, n (%) | 7 (1.2) | 6 (2.5) | 0.22 |