Table 3 Changes of hemodynamics during the initial resuscitation

HR (beats/min)

109 ± 19

90 ± 11*

113 ± 20

94 ± 10*

0.328

0.104

CVP (mmHg)

8 ± 3

10 ± 2*

9 ± 3

9 ± 2

0.206

0.016

SAP (mmHg)

92 ± 6

124 ± 11*

90 ± 5

114 ± 10*

0.118

< 0.001

DAP (mmHg)

44 ± 6

63 ± 7*

43 ± 4

63 ± 7*

0.364

0.949

MAP (mmHg)

60 ± 5

83 ± 8*

58 ± 4

80 ± 7*

0.175

0.063

SV (mL)

44 ± 6

48 ± 7*

44 ± 4

49 ± 5*

0.832

0.445

LVEDV (mL)

93 ± 11

96 ± 11*

96 ± 12

98 ± 11*

0.323

0.449

LVESV (mL)

49 ± 7

48 ± 5

50 ± 9

49 ± 7*

0.288

0.505

LVEF (%)

48 ± 4

50 ± 3*

46 ± 5

50 ± 4*

0.161

0.806

Cardiac index (L/min/m²)

2.9 ± 0.7

2.6 ± 0.4*

3.1 ± 0.6

2.9 ± 0.4*

0.216

0.006

Ea (mmHg/mL)

1.90 ± 0.19

2.35 ± 0.33*

1.89 ± 0.15

2.12 ± 0.24*

0.320

< 0.001

Ees (mmHg/mL)

1.32 ± 0.14

1.81 ± 0.26*

1.28 ± 0.12

1.95 ± 0.32*

0.244

0.037

Ea/Ees ratio

1.45 ± 0.16

1.30 ± 0.11*

1.46 ± 0.10

1.10 ± 0.15*

0.915

< 0.001

Lactate level (mmol/L)

3.1 (2.1, 4.4)

2.9 (2.0, 4.3)*

2.8 (2.1, 4.2)

2.0 (1.1, 2.8)*

0.305

0.007