Table 1 Experimental Setup

Workstation

Atlan A350

Both workstations

Carestation 650

Carestation 650

Procedure origin

Dräger

(draft)

Dynasthetics

(ACF instruction manual)

GE

(technical report)

GE (technical report plus breathing system and bellows changed)

1

Standby mode

Vaporizer removed

Vaporizer removed

Vaporizer removed

2

Vaporizer removed

Manual ventilation with 10 l⋅min^− 1 FGF for 90 s

Breathing circuits, breathing bag, bacterial filter and CO₂ sampling line changed.

Breathing circuits, breathing bag, bacterial filter and CO₂ sampling line changed

3

Breathing circuits, breathing bag and CO₂ sampling line removed

ACF attached to both inspiratory and expiratory limps

Washout ventilation:

O₂ = 100%, FGF = 15 l⋅min^− 1, frequency = 12⋅min^− 1, VT = 700 ml, I:E = 1:2, PEEP = off.

sodium lime canister, water trap, breathing system and bellow changed.

4

Sodium lime canister and adapter removed

Breathing circuits, breathing bag, bacterial filter and CO₂ sampling line changed

Ventilation stopped when concentration of volatile anaesthetics dropped to < 5 ppm.

Washout ventilation:

O₂ = 100%, FGF = 15 l⋅min^− 1, frequency = 12⋅min^− 1, VT = 700 ml, I:E = 1:2, PEEP = off.

5

Piston diaphragm and breathing system changed

System leak test

Bag-vent switch to vent position

Ventilation stopped when concentration of volatile anaesthetics dropped to < 5 ppm.

6

New sodium lime adapter without canister attached

Test lung ventilated with 10 l⋅min^− 1 FGF

breathing circuit, breathing bag, sodium lime canister, bacterial filter and CO₂ sampling line changed.

Bag-vent switch to vent position

7

30 s O₂-flush

System leak test

breathing circuit, breathing bag, sodium lime canister, water trap, bacterial filter and CO₂ sampling line changed.

8

New breathing circuits, breathing bag and CO₂ sampling line attached

10 s O₂-flush

System leak test

9

System leak test

Test lung ventilated with 15 l⋅min^− 1 FGF

10 s O₂-flush

10

APL-valve to 30cmH₂O

Test lung ventilated with 15 l⋅min^− 1 FGF

11

Test lung attached

12

Breathing bag removed

13

Sodium lime adapter removed

14

60 min washout: ventilation mode = volume controlled, O₂ = 100%, FGF 15 l⋅min^− 1, frequency = 40⋅min^− 1, Pmax = 70cmH₂O, VT = 900 ml, PEEP = off, Tinsp = 0.7 s, Tplat = 20%

15

Standby mode

16

Piston diaphragm changed

17

Breathing circuits, breathing bag and CO₂ sampling line removed, test lung

18

New sodium lime adapter and canister attached

19

30 s O₂-flush

20

New breathing circuits, breathing bag and CO₂ sampling line attached

21

System leak test

22

Breathing bag removed

ventilation mode = Man/Spon

APL-valve to 30cmH₂O

FGF = 4 l⋅min⁻¹

wait for “patient”

23

FGF = 10 l⋅min^− 1

30 s O₂-flush

breathing bag re-attached

attach bacterial filter

24

Test lung ventilated with a FGF of 12 l⋅min¹