Fig. 3From: Optimal angle of needle insertion for spinal anesthesia in patients with spondylolisthesis: an ultrasonographic studySchematic image of spinal anesthesia. Schematic image of trajectory of spinal needle to normal spine (A) and spine with lumbar spondylolisthesis (B). The figure represents parasagittal oblique approach of spinal anesthesia. Spinal needle is inserted in a cephalad direction for normal spine (A), while in a slightly caudal direction for spondylolisthesis level (B)Back to article page