Fig. 3
Early recognition of cardiac surgery-associated AKI (n = 65 patients). Legend: The accuracy for the prediction or the detection of stage ≥1 cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury (CS-AKI) was assessed via the area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUCROC [95% confidence interval]). Each biomarker was tested for 1) an isolated sample taken before (Pre-CPB), immediately after (Post-CPB) cardiopulmonary by-pass and 6 h (H6) later and 2) for change in concentration between 2 time points. ∆: change in biomarker concentration; TIMP2 IGFBP7: tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 2 ̶ insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 7; pCr: plasma creatinine