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Table 1 Baseline characteristics of patients

From: Immediate intravenous epinephrine versus early intravenous epinephrine for in-hospital cardiopulmonary arrest

 

All patients (n = 360)

Epinephrine 0–1 min (n = 177)

Epinephrine ≥ 2 min (n = 183)

P-value

Median age in years (IQR)

62 (26)

62 (25.50)

62 (25)

0.90

Male n(%)

220 (61.1%)

113 (63.8%)

107 (58.5%)

0.29

Female n(%)

140 (38.9%)

64 (36.2%)

76 (41.5%)

Saudi Arabian

194 (53.9%)

94 (53.1%)

100 (54.6%)

0.77

Non-Saudi

166 (46.1%)

83 (46.9%)

83 (45.4%)

Median CPR duration in minutes (IQR)

20:00 (16:45)

16:00 (15:00)

20:00 (15:00)

0.70

Median epinephrine time in minutes (IQR)

2:00 (3)

0:00 (0)

3:00 (3)

< 0.01

PEA n(%)

132 (36.7%)

95 (53.7%)

37 (20.2%)

< 0.01

Asystole n(%)

228 (63.3%)

82 (46.3%)

146 (79.8%)

Intubation during CPR n(%)

199 (55.3%)

94 (53.1%)

105 (57.4%)

0.41

No intubation during CPR n(%)

161 (44.7%)

83 (46.9%)

78 (42.6%)

ROSC n(%)

95 (26.4%)

55 (31.1%)

40 (21.9%)

0.04

Respiratory n(%)

132 (36.7%)

53 (29.9%)

79 (43.2%)

< 0.01

Cardiac n(%)

95 (26.4%)

60 (33.9%)

35 (19.1%)

CNS n(%)

48 (13.3%)

22 (29.9%)

26 (14.2%)

Metabolic n(%)

43 (11.9%)

26 (14.7%)

17 (9.3%)

GI n(%)

43 (11.7%)

16 (9.0%)

26 (14.2%)

ICU n(%)

172 (47.8%)

83 (46.9%)

89 (48.6%)

0.01

ED n(%)

117 (32.5%)

68 (38.4%)

49 (26.8%)

Floor n(%)

71 (19.7%)

26 (14.7%)

45 (24.6%)

Hospital A n(%)

168 (46.7%)

76 (42.9%)

92 (50.3%)

0.10

Hospital B n(%)

98 (27.2%)

46 (26.0%)

52 (28.4%)

Hospital C n(%)

94 (26.1%)

55 (31.1%)

39 (21.3%)