Characterization of self-anticipated pain score prior to elective surgery - a prospective observational study

BMC Anesthesiology

Table 3 Multivariate analysis of the predicting factors for anticipated moderate-to-severe pain

	Anticipated moderate-to-severe pain^*
	AOR	95% CI	P value
Gender
Male	Ref		0.006
Female	1.523	1.126–2.061	0.006
Age (years)
0–40	Ref		0.097
> 40	0.739	0.518–1.056	0.097
Prior surgical history
No	Ref		0.323
Yes	0.843	0.600–1.184	0.323
Regular benzodiazepine use at bedtime
No	Ref		0.037
Yes	1.670	1.032–2.702	0.037
ASA physical status
I-II	Ref		0.201
III-V	0.778	0.530–1.143	0.201
Types of anesthesia
General anesthesia	Ref		0.870
Regional anesthesia	1.036	0.678–1.583	0.870
Types of surgery with different expected pain^b
Lowest	Ref
Low	2.109	1.268–3.508	0.004
Moderate	2.448	1.349–4.441	0.003
High	3.296	2.046–5.310	< 0.001
Highest	3.411	2.090–5.568	< 0.001

AOR adjusted odd ratio, ASA American Society of Anesthesiologists, CI confidence interval, NRS numeric rating scale. ^aModerate-to-severe anticipated pain was defined as a NRS ≥4. A stepwise regression model was used to determine the values of AOR and 95% CI for each associated factor. ^bTypes of surgical procedures that were associated with different levels of expected postoperative pain intensity were graded according to a clinical prediction rule established by Jessen and his colleagues [22]

ISSN: 1471-2253