Table 1 Demographic and perioperative characteristics of the three groups

Age (years)

60.6 ± 8.2

61.5 ± 8.2

61.5 ± 8.1

Male/Female (n)

13/13

16/10

18/8

BMI (kg/m²)

23.6 ± 2.2

23.4 ± 2.0

23.9 ± 2.6

ASA I/II/III (n)

1/21/4

1/18/7

0/19/7

Clinical Stage I/II (n)

14/12

10/16

13/13

Blood loss (mL)

108.0 ± 65.4

131.9 ± 30.1

131.5 ± 26.6

Urine (mL)

398.0 ± 226.5

301.9 ± 197.7

380.8 ± 183.9

Surgery duration (min)

174.6 ± 50.2

195.2 ± 46.0

181.7 ± 42.7

Fluid infusion (mL)

1465.4 ± 386.7

1511.5 ± 436.3

1536.5 ± 437.6

Propofol (mg)

120.0 ± 21.9

119.6 ± 17.5

128.3 ± 18.3

Fentanyl (mg)

0.27 ± 0.08

0.29 ± 0.08

0.29 ± 0.09

Cisatracurium (mg)

20.1 ± 3.7

21.0 ± 3.2

19.8 ± 3.3

Remifentanil (mg)

0.38 ± 0.13

0.46 ± 0.12

0.42 ± 0.10

Sevoflurane (%)

2.47 ± 0.37

2.44 ± 0.37

2.32 ± 0.40

Atropine (mg)

2(7.7%)

3(11.5%)

4(15.4%)

Ephedrine (mg)

5(19.2%)

3(11.5%)

2(7.7%)