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Table 2 Intra−/postoperative variables

From: Impact of goal-directed hemodynamic management on the incidence of acute kidney injury in patients undergoing partial nephrectomy: a pilot randomized controlled trial

  Intervention group (n = 72) Control group (n = 72) P value
Airway management    >  0.999
 Endotracheal tube 59 (81.9%) 59 (81.9%)  
 Laryngeal mask 13 (18.1%) 13 (18.1%)  
Intraoperative anesthetics
 Use of midazolam 18 (25%) 21 (29.2%) 0.574
 Use of etomidate 30 (41.7%) 35 (48.6%) 0.402
 Use of cisatracurium 50 (69.4%) 47 (65.3%) 0.594
 Propofol (mg) 537 (393, 686) 510 (365, 650) 0.562
 Sufentanil (μg) 30 (20, 38) 25 (20, 39) 0.689
 Remifentanil (μg) 560 (0, 837) 562 (30, 815) 0.781
 Rocuronium (mg) 50 (40, 50) 50 (40, 50) 0.998
Vasoactive drugs
 Use of dobutamine 65 (90.3%) 0 (0.0%) < 0.001
 Use of norepinephrine 6 (8.3%) 0 (0.0%) 0.028
 Use of ephedrine 28 (38.9%) 23 (31.9%) 0.384
Use of diuretics during surgery 54 (75.0%) 56 (77.8%) 0.695
 Mannitol (g) 25 (25, 25) (n = 39) 25 (25, 25) (n = 37) 0.201
 Furosemide (mg) 10 (10, 10) (n = 49) 10 (10, 10) (n = 52) 0.215
Dexamethasone (mg) 5 (5, 5) 5 (5, 5) 0.229
Fluids infusion (ml)a 1650 (1525, 2100) 1600 (1213, 1800) 0.012
Urine output (ml) 400 (200, 600) 300 (200, 488) 0.020
Estimated blood loss (ml) 50 (30, 100) 50 (23, 100) 0.885
Packed red blood cells 1 (1.4%) 1 (1.4%) >  0.999
Duration of anesthesia (min) 131 ± 42 135 ± 49 0.649
Type of surgery    >  0.999
 Laparoscopic 64 (88.9%) 64 (88.9%)  
 Open-abdominal 8 (11.1%) 8 (11.1%)  
Surgical position    >  0.999
 Supine 3 (4.2%) 3 (4.2%)  
 Lateral 69 (95.8%) 69 (95.8%)  
Duration of clamping (min) (n = 71)b 22 ± 8 22 ± 6 0.848
Before clampingb
 Mean BIS 50 ± 7 51 ± 7 0.348
 Mean CI (L/min/m2) 2.7 (2.3, 3.1) – –
 Mean SVV (%) 6 (5, 8) – –
 Mean SBP (mmHg) 121 ± 15 120 ± 16 0.833
 Mean MAP (mmHg) 88 ± 10 86 ± 9 0.181
 Mean HR (beats per minute) 62 ± 8 60 ± 9 0.362
After reperfusionb
 Mean BIS 53 ± 8 51 ± 7 0.134
 Mean CI (L/min/m2) 3.3 (3, 3.5) ‡ – –
 Mean SVV (%) 5 (4, 6) ‡ – –
 Mean SBP (mmHg) 136 ± 9 120 ± 15 < 0.001
 Mean MAP (mmHg) 100 ± 4 86 ± 10 < 0.001
 Mean HR (beats per minute) 70 ± 10 63 ± 8 < 0.001
Duration of surgery (min) 93 ± 38 96 ± 45 0.629
Use of diuretics within 3 day after surgeryc 2 (2.8%) 1 (1.4%) 0.560
  1. Data are mean ± SD, number (%), or median (interquartile range)
  2. SBP systolic blood pressure, MAP mean arterial pressure, HR heart rate, BIS bispectral index, CI cardiac index, SVV stroke volume variation
  3. aOnly crystalloid fluid was allowed except blood transfusion
  4. bOne patient in the intervention group did not undergo renal artery clamping; one in the control group converted to radical nephrectomy without renal artery clamping
  5. ‡ P < 0.001 compared with value before clamping within the intervention group (analyzed with Wilcoxon signed-rank test)
  6. cIncluding torasemide and furosemide
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BMC Anesthesiology

ISSN: 1471-2253

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