Skip to main content
Fig. 3 | BMC Anesthesiology

Fig. 3

From: A gap existed between physicians’ perceptions and performance of pain, agitation-sedation and delirium assessments in Chinese intensive care units

Fig. 3

Prevalences of analgesia and agitation/sedation assessments and administrations. Data are shown as percentages. The prevalence of pain assessment using scale instruments were 19.9% (95% CI: 15.9–23.9%) (panel a). In patients receiving pain assessment (n = 77), four scales were used including VAS (n = 32, 41.6%), CPOT (n = 29, 37.7%), FPS (n = 14, 18.2%) and NRS (n = 2, 2.6%). The rate of pain assessment was significantly lower in brain-injured patients than non-brain-injured patients (p = 0.003). The prevalence of agitation/sedation assessment using scale instruments were 25.6% (95% CI: 21.2–29.9%) (panel b). In patients receiving agitation/sedation assessment (n = 99), three scales were used including RASS (n = 78, 78.8%), SAS (n = 12, 12.1%) and Ramsay scale (n = 9, 9.1%). The rate of agitation/sedation assessment was significantly lower in brain-injured patients than non-brain-injured patients (p < 0.001). The rate of administration of intravenous opioids was 24.3% (95% CI: 20.0–28.6%) (panel c). In patients receiving analgesics (n = 94), six opioids were administered including sufentanil (n = 32, 34.0%), fentanyl (n = 20, 21.3%), dezocine (n = 20, 21.3%), remifentanil (n = 14, 14.9%), butorphanol (n = 7, 7.4%) and morphine (n = 1, 1.1%). The use of opioids was less frequently in brain-injured patients than in non-brain-injured patients (p < 0.001). The rate of sedatives administration was 29.7% (95% CI: 25.1–34.3%) (panel d). In patients receiving sedatives (n = 115), midazolam, propofol, dexmedetomidine, midazolam combined with dexmedetomidine, and propofol combined with dexmedetomidine were used in 53 (46.1%), 31 (27.0%), 23 (20.0%), 5 (4.3%), and 3 (2.6%) patients, respectively. The use of sedatives was significantly less in brain-injured patients than in non-brain-injured patients (p < 0.001). The combination of opioids and sedatives was 18.3% (95% CI: 14.5–22.2%), which was administered less frequently in brain-injured patients than in non-brain-injured patients (p < 0.001, panel e)

Back to article page