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Table 1 Demographic data and clinical characteristics in four groups

From: Effects of dexmedetomidine on intraoperative hemodynamics, recovery profile and postoperative pain in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a randomized controlled trial

  NS group (n = 30) D1 group (n = 30) D2 group (n = 30) D3 group (n = 30) P value
Gender, Female/Male 11/19 (36.7%/63.3%) 12/18 (40.0%/60.0%) 12/18 (40.0%/60.0%) 11/19 (36.7%/63.3%) 1.000
Age (years) 42.6 ± 8.2 42.6 ± 5.9 42.5 ± 7.0 42.6 ± 6.3 1.000
BMI (kg/m2) 24.7 ± 2.1 24.5 ± 2.5 23.7 ± 2.7 24.3 ± 2.4 0.411
Duration of surgery (min) 46.5 ± 1.4 49.5 ± 10.2 42.6 ± 13.3 47.3 ± 11.4 0.127
Duration of anesthesia (min) 67.1 ± 11.9 69.8 ± 9.9 62.0 ± 12.4 65.7 ± 15.9 0.119
Spontaneous respiratory recovery time (min) 10.2 ± 1.7 11.9 ± 1.6*# 12.3 ± 1.8*# 13.8 ± 2.9* 0.000
Extubation time (min) 11.8 ± 1.9 13.1 ± 1.4*# 13.3 ± 1.4*# 16.3 ± 2.6* 0.000
  1. Data presented as mean ± standard deviation or numbers (proportion)
  2. BMI Body mass index
  3. *p < 0.05 vs. NS group; #p < 0.05 vs. D3 group