Fig. 2

Breakdown of the clinical departments responsible for cases discussed at High-Risk Conferences. Data are presented as number of cases (%). Cardiovascular surgery, which conducts highly difficult and advanced surgeries for patients with severe comorbidities, had the greatest number of conferences (24%). Urology had 11%, leading in surgical procedures, such as those for huge renal cell carcinoma or retroperitoneal tumors, performed across multiple surgical departments. Conferences for orthopedics were generally focused on the patient’s ability to tolerate the surgery and anesthesia