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Table 1 The use of PCIA

From: Ultrasound-guided transmuscular quadratus lumborum block reduced postoperative opioids consumptions in patients after laparoscopic hepatectomy: a three-arm randomized controlled trial

Secondary Outcomes

Ā 

Group S

(nā€‰=ā€‰20)

Group O

(nā€‰=ā€‰30)

Group QO

(nā€‰=ā€‰30)

p

People of use bolus in PACU

n(%)

Ā Ā Ā 

0.001

Yes

Ā 

14(82.4)

23(76.7)

9(30)a,b

Ā 

No

Ā 

3(17.6)

7(23.3)

21(70)a,b

Ā 

Opioid consumption in PCA after operation

Median (IQR), ug or mg

Ā Ā Ā Ā 

0-2nd h

Ā 

3.0(2.1,5.0)

3.0(2.7,4.8)

2.7(1.0,3.0)a,b

0.051

2nd-6th h

Ā 

6.0(4.0,8.0)

5.7(2.0,7.5)

3.6(2.0,4.1)a,b

0.002

6thā€“12th h

Ā 

7.0(4.8,10.6)

6.8(3.8,10.8)

5.1(3.0,6.1)a,b

0.007

12thā€“24th h

Ā 

12.0(8.5,15.5)

9.8(7.7,14.1)

9.4(6.0,11.4)

0.072

24thā€“48th h

Ā 

16.0(14.0,21.5)

14.5(12.0,16.1)

14.0(12.0,15.4)a

0.006

48thā€“72th h

Ā 

14.5(14.0,17.8)

15.1(12.0,15.6)

13.9(12.0,16.0)

0.134

Total

Ā 

52.2(60.3,73.5)

53.5(48.5,70.0)

48.5(43.9,54.2)a,b

0.002

Postoperative length of stay

Median (IQR), d

8.0 (6.3,9.0)

7.0 (5.0,9.0)

7.0 (5.8,8.3)

0.376

  1. Continuous variables were presented as median (IQR). Kruskal-Wallis test for inter-group comparisons and Bonferroni method for pairwise comparison. Qualitative variables were expressed as number of patients (percentage). The data were analyzed using Chi-squared test or Fisherā€™s exact test. a:pā€‰<ā€‰0.05 compared with Group S; b:pā€‰<ā€‰0.05 compared with Group O
  2. PCIA Patient controlled intravenous analgesia
  3. PACU Postanesthesia care unit