Survivors (n = 826) | Non-survivors (n = 545) | p value | |
---|---|---|---|
Male | 386 (46.7) | 238 (43.7) | 0.265 |
Age (years) | 66.5 ± 16.3 | 69.2 ± 14.7 | 0.001 |
SOFA score | 8 (5, 10) | 10 (8, 13) | < 0.001 |
Comorbidities | |||
Obesity | 51 (6.2) | 28 (5.1) | 0.420 |
Congestive heart failure | 277 (33.5) | 192 (35.2) | 0.518 |
Cardiac arrhythmias | 262 (31.7) | 199 (36.5) | 0.066 |
Valvular disease | 91 (11) | 61 (11.2) | 0.919 |
Hypertension | 139 (16.8) | 101 (18.5) | 0.416 |
Chronic pulmonary disease | 162 (19.6) | 109 (20) | 0.860 |
Diabetes mellitus | 282 (34.1) | 182 (33.4) | 0.775 |
Hypothyroidism | 103 (12.5) | 68 (12.5) | 0.997 |
Liver disease | 92 (11.1) | 102 (18.7) | < 0.001 |
AIDS | 4 (0.5) | 0 (0) | 0.104 |
Tumor | 76 (9.2) | 108 (19.8) | < 0.001 |
Laboratory results in the first 24 h | |||
Maximum anion gap (mmol/L) | 18.9 ± 4.9 | 20.9 ± 6 | < 0.001 |
Maximum sodium (mmol/L) | 141.3 ± 6.4 | 140.6 ± 6.4 | 0.036 |
Maximum potassium (mmol/L) | 4.8 ± 0.9 | 5.1 ± 1.1 | < 0.001 |
Maximum chloride (mmol/L) | 110.6 ± 7.4 | 108.9 ± 8.1 | < 0.001 |
Maximum bilirubin (mg/L) | 2.1 ± 4.2 | 3.9 ± 6.4 | < 0.001 |
Maximum creatinine (mg/dL) | 2.2 ± 1.9 | 2.5 ± 1.7 | 0.002 |
Maximum blood urea nitrogen (mg/dL) | 39.4 ± 25.4 | 49.6 ± 30 | < 0.001 |
Maximum blood glucose (mg/dL) | 206.6 ± 119.9 | 207.8 ± 112.3 | 0.853 |
Minimum albumin (g/dL) | 2.8 ± 0.7 | 2.5 ± 0.7 | < 0.001 |
Minimum hematocrit (%) | 29 ± 5.4 | 28.2 ± 5.9 | 0.008 |
Minimum hemoglobin (g/dL) | 9.7 ± 1.8 | 9.3 ± 2 | < 0.001 |
Minimum platelet (K/uL) | 186.3 ± 122.6 | 159 ± 121.7 | < 0.001 |
Maximum white blood cell count (K/uL) | 19.8 ± 13.3 | 19.6 ± 23 | 0.835 |
Maximum APTT (sec) | 47.1 ± 28.3 | 57.3 ± 34.8 | < 0.001 |
Maximum INR (sec) | 2 ± 1.5 | 2.5 ± 2.1 | < 0.001 |
Lactate related variables | |||
Initial lactate (mmol/L) | 2.8 ± 1.7 | 3.9 ± 2.9 | < 0.001 |
Maximum lactate (mmol/L) | 4.3 ± 2.2 | 5.8 ± 3.8 | < 0.001 |
Lactate load (mmol·hr./L) | 61.1 ± 36.4 | 94.3 ± 71.8 | < 0.001 |
Normalized lactate load (mmol/L) | 2.5 ± 1.5 | 3.9 ± 3.0 | < 0.001 |