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Table 3 Effect of baseline parameters on the evolution of MMSE scores

From: Preoperative sedentary behavior is neither a risk factor for perioperative neurocognitive disorders nor associated with an increase in peripheral inflammation, a prospective observational cohort study

Variable

Coefficient (SE)*

P-value

Age (years)

−0.071 (0.11)

0.53

Gender (Male vs. Female)

0.23 (1.41)

0.87

BMI (kg/m2)

−0.077 (0.13)

0.55

Education level(a)

1.36 (0.72)

0.069

No. of languages known

1.44 (0.63)

0.028

Working (Yes vs. No)

2.95 (1.64)

0.080

Marital status

 (Divorced vs Married)

−0.080 (1.75)

0.96

 (Widow vs. Married)

0.65 (2.13)

0.76

Self-sufficient (Yes vs. No)

6.44 (2.31)

0.0083

Living situation (No. of people)

0.67 (1.10)

0.55

Number of alcoholic drinks/week(b)

0.48 (0.53)

0.37

Smoking Status

 (Current vs. Never)

−0.38 (1.52)

0.81

 (Past vs. Never)

−3.50 (1.73)

0.51

Surgery

 (Orthopedic vs. General)

1.52 (1.76)

0.39

 (Genitourinary vs. General)

−0.95 (1.64)

0.57

No. of psychoactive medications(b)

−0.91 (1.75)

0.61

Type 2 Diabetes (Yes vs. No)

−2.82 (1.50)

0.068

IPAQ work-related (h/week)(b)

2.49 (1.40)

0.084

IPAQ transport-related (h/day)(b)

0.78 (1.45)

0.59

IPAQ household-related (h/day)(b)

1.00 (1.39)

0.48

IPAQ leisure time-related (h/day)(b)

3.32 (1.75)

0.066

IPAQ sitting time (h/day)(b)

−1.75 (1.53)

0.26

Energy (METs-min)(b)

0.045 (0.083)

0.59

GDS

−0.47 (0.14)

0.0015

MMSE baseline

0.92 (0.067)

< 0.0001

IL-6 baseline (pg/ml)(c)

−0.31 (0.46)

0.50

IL-6 increase until 24 h (Yes vs. No)

1.47 (1.56)

0.35

HMGB1 baseline (pg/ml)(c)

0.13 (0.46)

0.77

HMGB1 increase until 24 h (Yes vs. No)

0.13 (1.76)

0.94

  1. *covariate regression coefficients are adjusted for time; a positive (negative) coefficient is associated with an increasing (lowering) impact of parameter on MMSE scores over time
  2. (a) treated as an ordinal variable
  3. (b) square root transform applied to normalize the distribution
  4. (c) log-transform applied to normalize the distribution
  5. BMI Body mass index, SE Standard error, MMSE Mini-mental state examination, IPAQ International Physical Activity questionnaire (long version), IL Interleukin, HMGB1 High molecular group box protein 1, GDS Geriatric depression score