Table 1 Demographics, injury pattern, treatment and outcome of non-surviving patients initially admitted to an ICU
Died during first ICU stay | Died after initial discharge from ICU | |
|---|---|---|
Number of patients (n) | 4509 | 972 |
Male (%) | 63.6 | 60.4 |
Age | ||
Age (years) | 68.0 ± 20.9 | 76.8 ± 15.4 |
Aged 18–59 years (%) | 25.7 | 11.7 |
Aged 60–69 years (%) | 12.6 | 9.2 |
Aged 70–79 years (%) | 23.7 | 24.8 |
Aged 80+ years (%) | 38.0 | 54.4 |
Pre-injury ASA 3 or 4 (%) | 45.1 | 60.1 |
Injury pattern | ||
Blunt trauma (%) | 96.1 | 97.3 |
ISS (points) | 30.0 ± 15.0 | 23.1 ± 12.6 |
Traffic accident (%) | 31.4 | 22.3 |
Low fall (< 3 m) (%) | 46.7 | 62.3 |
Isolated head injury AIS ≥3 (%) | 32.9 | 34.1 |
No head injury (AIS ≤ 2) (%) | 16.9 | 24.8 |
Combined head and other trauma (%) | 50.1 | 41.2 |
AIS head > = 3 (%) | 77.6 | 65.8 |
AIS chest > = 3 (%) | 39.5 | 30.3 |
AIS abdomen> = 3 (%) | 10.7 | 6.8 |
AIS extremities > = 3 (%) | 19.3 | 19.3 |
RISC II prognosis for mortality (%) | 52.1 | 32.4 |
In-hospital course | ||
Systolic blood pressure on admission < 90 mmHg (%) | 21.6 | 8.6 |
Glasgow Coma Scale 3–8 on admission (%) | 64.5 | 31.2 |
Received at least 1 PRBC transfusion (%) | 19.1 | 8.5 |
Days in hospital | 2 [1–7] | 12 [6–20] |
Days in ICU | 2 [1–7] | 5 [2–13] |
Days ventilated | 2 [1–5] | 1 [0–7] |
Non-operative treatment (%) | 50.5 | 48.8 |
Sepsis (%) | 13.7 | 19.5 |
Organ failure (%) | 90.3 | 75.9 |
Multiple organ failure (%) | 66.9 | 50.8 |
Thrombo-embolic events (%) | 6.1 | 10.4 |
Outcome | ||
Living will limiting life-sustaining therapy (%) | 46.1 | 59.9 |
Died within 30 days | 97.2 | 85.0 |
Assumed cause of death | ||
Head injury (%) | 58.2 | 42.6 |
Bleeding (%) | 5.7 | 1.6 |
Organ failure (%) | 25.3 | 29.9 |
Others (%) | 8.8 | 23.4 |