From: Efficacy of non-opioid analgesics to control postoperative pain: a network meta-analysis
Author, Year (Procedure) | Sample Size | Treatments | Pain | MMEs Consumed | ORADEs | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Included | SPID | Included | Hour 24 | Hour 48 | Hour 72 | Included | GI | Respiratory/ Cardiovascular | |||
Apfelbaum 2008 [41] (Bunionectomy) | 255 | Parecoxib (60 mg) | Yes | −50.64 | No | – | – | – | Yes | 0.21 | – |
Parecoxib (40 mg) | −62.69 | – | – | – | 0.24 | – | |||||
Placebo | −65.22 | – | – | – | 0.38 | – | |||||
Bakhsha 2016 [42] (Cesarean) | 60 | Diclofenac (suppository)A / Placebo | Yes | − 19.26 | No | – | – | – | No | – | – |
Acetaminophen | −21.01 | – | – | – | – | – | |||||
Bangash 2018 [43] (Multiple, Elective) | 220 | Ketorolac + Acetaminophen | Yes | −47.95 | No | – | – | – | No | – | – |
Ketorolac + Placebo | −41.74 | – | – | – | – | – | |||||
Bergese 2017 [36]B (Multiple) | 720 | MIV | No | – | Yes | – | 26.3 | 28.4 | Yes | 0.39 | 0.00 |
Placebo | – | – | 34.3 | 37.4 | 0.49 | 0.00 | |||||
Berkowitz 2017 [44] (Orthopedic)B | 379 | MIV | No | – | Yes | 22.1 | 33.5 | 35.45 | Yes | 0.43 | 0.01 |
Placebo | – | 31.1 | 46.3 | 47.84 | 1.34 | 0.02 | |||||
Bikhazi 2004 [45] (Hysterectomy) | 329 | Parecoxib (60 mg) | Yes | −18.2 | No | – | – | – | Yes | 0.71 | – |
Parecoxib (40 mg) | −71.04 | – | – | – | 0.61 | – | |||||
Ketorolac (30 mg) | −91.28 | – | – | – | 0.55 | – | |||||
Placebo | −14.8 | – | – | – | 0.44 | – | |||||
Morphine (4 mg) | −45.24 | – | – | – | 0.66 | – | |||||
Castro 2000 [46] (Abdominal) | 230 | Tramadol (100 mg) | Yes | −31.73 | No | – | – | – | No | – | – |
Metamizol (2000 mg) | −58.93 | – | – | – | – | – | |||||
Ketorolac (30 mg) | −3.08 | – | – | – | – | – | |||||
Daniels 2019 [47] (Bunionectomy) | 276 | Acetaminophen | Yes | −9.6 | YesE | – | 45.00 | – | No | – | – |
Ibuprofen | −8.6 | – | 37.50 | – | – | – | |||||
Placebo | 1.5 | – | 61.50 | – | – | – | |||||
Daniels 2013 [48] (Orthopedic) | 277 | Diclofenac | No | – | Yes | 27.96 | 33.49 | 35.42 | Yes | 0.46 | – |
Ketorolac (15–30 mg) | – | 34.41 | 46.27 | 53.97 | 0.52 | – | |||||
Placebo | – | 47.82 | 56.94 | 61.27 | 0.71 | – | |||||
Essex 2018 [49] (Orthopedic) | 116 | Acetaminophen | No | – | No | – | – | – | Yes | – | 0.02 |
Placebo | – | – | – | – | – | 0.07 | |||||
Gago Martinez 2016 [50] (Abdominal)D | 135 | Ibuprofen | Yes | −24.5 | Yes | 17.36 | 26.32 | – | No | – | – |
Placebo | −18.11 | 32.18 | 38.53 | – | – | – | |||||
Gan 2012 [51] (Abdominal) | 132 | Placebo | Yes | −17.64 | Yes | 11.20 | 15.60 | 15.90 | Yes | 0.96 | 0.07 |
Ketorolac (30 mg) | −27.56 | 6.70 | 8.53 | 8.50 | 0.79 | 0.05 | |||||
Diclofenac (18,75 mg) | −24.4 | 6.80 | 8.54 | 8.80 | 0.86 | 0.02 | |||||
Diclofenac (37.5 mg) | −61.08 | – | – | – | – | – | |||||
Gottlieb 2018 [33] (Bunionectomy)B | 96 | MIV | Yes | −21.4 | YesE | – | 57.40 | – | No | – | – |
Placebo | 10.32 | – | 77.00 | – | – | – | |||||
Hynes 2006 [52] (Orthopedic) | 120 | Acetaminophen | No | – | No | – | – | – | Yes | 0.05 | 0.00 |
Diclofenac | – | – | – | – | 0.05 | 0.075 | |||||
Kim 2001 [53] (Abdominal)D | 22 | Ketorolac | Yes | −33.71 | Yes | 10.00 | 20.67 | – | No | – | – |
Placebo | −26.95 | 28.00 | 34.88 | – | – | – | |||||
Kroll 2010 [54] (Hysterectomy)D | 319 | Ibuprofen (800 mg) | Yes | −26.82 | Yes | 47.3 | 71.72 | – | Yes | 0.64 | 0.04 |
Placebo | −20.09 | 55.9 | 66.92 | – | 0.70 | 0.02 | |||||
Pareek 2011 [55] (Orthopedic) | 158 | Etodolac | No | – | No | – | – | – | Yes | 0.05 | – |
Diclofenac | – | – | – | – | 0.05 | – | |||||
Pollak 2018 [35] (Bunionectomy)B | 120 | MIV | Yes | −50.4 | Yes | – | 27.25 | – | Yes | 0.29 | 0.00 |
Placebo | −34.52 | – | 37.45 | – | 0.40 | 0.00 | |||||
Rechberger 2018 [32] (Hysterectomy)B,D | 215 | MIV | Yes | −19.47 | Yes | 15.90 | 31.80 | – | Yes | 0.00 | 0.00 |
Morphine | 0.77 | 28.80 | – | – | 0.10 | 0.00 | |||||
Placebo | 4.61 | 48.00 | 96.00 | – | 0.00 | 0.00 | |||||
Reinhart 2000 [56] (Bunionectomy) | 38 | Ketorolac | Yes | 2.86 | No | – | – | – | No | – | – |
Placebo C | 4.87 | – | – | – | – | – | |||||
Rindos 2019 [57] (Hysterectomy) | 183 | Acetaminophen | Yes | 2.38 | No | – | – | – | No | – | – |
Placebo | 2.86 | – | – | – | – | – | |||||
Singla 2018 [34] (Abdominal)B | 219 | MIV | Yes | −1.1 | Yes | 18.30 | 26.90 | – | Yes | 0.35 | 0.04 |
Placebo | −0.91 | 21.90 | 35.35 | – | 0.51 | 0.02 | |||||
Singla 2010 [58] (Orthopedic) | 185 | Ibuprofen | No | – | Yes | 41.10 | – | – | Yes | 0.27 | – |
Placebo | – | 59.50 | – | – | 0.19 | – | |||||
Takeda 2019 [59] (Orthopedic) | 97 | Acetaminophen | No | – | Yes | 80.01 | – | – | No | – | – |
Placebo | – | 81.31 | – | – | – | – | |||||
Thybo 2019 [60] (Orthopedic) | 281 | Acetaminophen | No | – | Yes | 36.00 | – | – | Yes | 0.04 | 0.03 |
Ibuprofen | – | 26.00 | – | – | 0.01 | 0.04 | |||||
Wilson 2018 [61] (Cesarean) | 141 | Acetaminophen | No | – | Yes | 20.00 | 47.00 | – | No | – | – |
Placebo | – | 32.00 | 48.00 | – | – | – | |||||
Wong 2010 [62] (Abdominal) | 66 | Parecoxib | No | – | Yes | 26.00 | – | 43.50 | Yes | 0.00 | – |
Ketorolac | – | 29.40 | – | 55.50 | 0.12 | – |