Table 2 Studies reporting complications after emergency Tracheostomy (TRACH group)
Author, Yr | Type of study | Type of procedure | Type of technique | Setting; Performers | Follow-up period | Sample size | Complications | Sample size for Late complications | Description of Late complications | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Minor | Major | Early | Late | |||||||||
Waldron et al., 1990 [15] | Retrospective | Elective, urgency, emergency | Surgical | OR; ENT | Minimum 6 months | 38 | 5 | 4 | 7 | 2 | 38 | Tracheo-cutaneous fistula, scar formation |
Gillespie et al., 1999 [34] | Retrospective | Emergency | Surgical | Intra-hospital; ENT, general surgeon | Average 23 months | 14 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 0 | 8 | – |
Ben-Nun et al., 2004 [16] | Retrospective | Emergency | Percutaneous | ED, ICU; Thoracic surgeons | 1 year | 10 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 5 | Recurrent hemoptysis |
Davidson et al., 2012 [17] | Retrospective | Emergency | Percutaneous | Intra-hospital; Trauma surgeons | NA | 18 | 0 | 1 | 1 | NA | NA | – |
Muhammad et al., 2012 [18] | Prospective cohort | Elective, urgency, emergency | Surgical | OR; ENT | 7 days | 50 | 17 | 11 | 28 | NA | NA | – |
Beshey et al., 2014 [35] | RCT | Emergency | Percutaneous | ED, ICU; Physician | Maximum 48 h | 84 | 1 | 2 | 3 | NA | NA | – |
Fang et al., 2015 [19] | Retrospective | Emergency | Surgical | OR, bedside; ENT | Mean 7.2 weeks | 68 | 10 | 29 | 11 | 28 | 49 | Bleeding (5), tracheitis (5), obstructed tube (4), tube dislodgement (4), pneumonia (3), neck abscess (3), pneumonia (2), tracheal granuloma (2) |
TOTAL | 282 | 35 | 49 | 53 | 31 | 100 | ||||||