| | | Group Eb | Group Cc | χ2 | P |
|---|
T2d | Effective | 186 (89.0) | 178 (78.4) | 8.837 | 0.003 |
| | Noneffective | 23 (11.0) | 49 (21.6) | | |
T3e | Effective | 192 (97.0) | 195 (90.7) | 6.874 | 0.009 |
| | Noneffective | 6 (3.0%) | 20 (9.3%) | | |
T4f | Effective | 190 (97.4) | 203 (97.1) | 0.036 | 0.850 |
| | Noneffective | 5 (2.6) | 6 (2.9) | | |
T5g | Effective | 189 (97.9) | 201 (97.6) | 0.000 | 1.000 |
| | Noneffective | 4 (2.1) | 5 (2.4) | | |
- aEffective pain reduction is defined as a decrease in pain intensity > 25%, compared with the baseline (T1). Noneffective is defined as a decrease in pain intensity < 25%, compared with the baseline (T1)
- bGroup E (n = 209) was treated with nalbuphine hydrochloride diluted with saline to 1 mg/L.
- cGroup C (n = 228) was administered tramadol hydrochloride diluted with saline to 10 mg/L.
- dT2: after administration at 30 min
- eT3: after administration at 2 h
- fT4: after administration at 4 h
- gT5: after administration at 6 h
