Table 3 Perioperative analgesia use and postoperative morphine consumption of patients receiving intrathecal morphine (ITM) or Usual care. Data presented as median (interquartile range) or number of patients (proportion)
ITM (n = 125) | Usual care (n = 91) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
Total operative time (minutes) | 250 (196.5:338) | 232 (180:310) | 0.08 |
INTRAOPERATIVE ANALGESIA | |||
Patients receiving opioid | 125 (100%) | 91 (100%) | > 0.99 |
IV morphine equivalent (mg) | 26.7 (20:33.3) | 33.3 (20:46.7) | 0.001 |
Patients receiving paracetamol | 44 (35.2%) | 27 (29.7%) | 0.46 |
Median amount (mg) | 1 (1:1) | 1 (1:1) | 0.15 |
Patients receiving ketamine | 50 (40%) | 26 (28.6%) | 0.09 |
Median amount (mg) | 36 (20:62.5) | 62.5 (38.75:89.5) | 0.003 |
Patients receiving clonidine | 10 (8%) | 8 (8.8%) | > 0.99 |
Median amount (mg) | 75 (45:150) | 75 (75:97.5) | 0.61 |
Patients receiving IV lignocaine | 7 (5.6%) | 4 (4.4%) | 0.76 |
Median amount (mg) | 220 (150:660) | 389 (364.5:467.5) | 0.32 |
Patients receiving ondansetron | 64 (51.2%) | 29 (31.9%) | 0.005 |
Median amount (mg) | 4 (4:4) | 4 (4:4) | 0.31 |
Patients receiving metoclopramide | 5 (4%) | 2 (2.2%) | 0.70 |
Median amount (mg) | 20 (15:20) | 20 (20:20) | > 0.99 |
Patients receiving naloxone | 2 (1.6%) | 3 (3.3%) | 0.65 |
Median amount (μg) | 110 (20:200) | 100 (80:200) | > 0.99 |
POSTOPERATIVE oMEDD (mg) | |||
PACU | 0 (0:10.5) | 6 (0:21) | 0.001 |
POD 0 | 25.9 (4:60) | 46 (15:82) | 0.007 |
POD 1 | 91.2 (39.6:204.7) | 128.6 (79.0:187.3) | 0.12 |
POD 1 (cumulative including POD 0) | 125.7 (52.5:268.1) | 176.3 (105:269.5) | 0.04 |
POD 2 | 95.7 (44.7:164.5) | 90 (51.1:165.7) | 0.71 |
POD 2 (cumulative including POD 0–1) | 231.1 (116.3:420.2) | 255 (177:432.8) | 0.14 |
POD 3 | 57 (30:104) | 67.5 (30:116) | 0.57 |
POD 3 (cumulative including POD 0–2) | 283.6 (164.1:526.3) | 343.5 (223.4:498) | 0.13 |
POSTOPERATIVE KETAMINE | |||
Patients receiving ketamine in the PACU | 6 (4.8%) | 3 (3.3%) | 0.74 |
Median amount (mg) | 10 (8.75:21) | 19.8 (10:30) | 0.45 |
Patients receiving ketamine on POD 0 | 57 (45.6%) | 27 (29.7%) | 0.02 |
Median amount (mg) | 30 (19.5:48) | 64 (35.8:96) | 0.006 |
Patients receiving ketamine on POD 1 | 59 (47.2%) | 36 (39.6%) | 0.27 |
Median amount (mg) | 0 (0:96) | 0 (0:130) | 0.78 |
Patients receiving ketamine on POD 2 | 42 (33.6%) | 27 (29.7%) | 0.56 |
Median amount (mg) | 0 (0:48) | 0 (0:54) | 0.71 |
Patients receiving ketamine on POD 3 | 19 (15.2%) | 15 (16.5%) | 0.85 |
Median amount (mg) | 0 (0:0) | 0 (0:0) | 0.67 |
Patient controlled analgesia use (hours) | 47.5 (40:71) | 63.5 (42.25:71.5) | 0.33 |