Table 2 Differences in morphine consumption and pain scores 24-h after surgery. Data presented as quartile differences (95% confidence interval) for the outcome variables between patients receiving receiving intrathecal morphine and Usual care. Adjustments for major resection, patient age, Charlton Comorbidity Index, duration of surgery, intraoperative oMEDD use, adjunct intrathecal clonidine, adjunct intrathecal bupivacaine, intraoperative ketamine and postoperative ketamine
25th percentile | 50th percentile | 75th percentile | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Adjusted | Unadjusted | Adjusted | Unadjusted | Adjusted | Unadjusted | ||
Cumulative oMEDD use at 24 h (mg) | Difference 95% CI p-value | 55.7 mg 25.6 to 88.4 0.00025 | 52.3 mg 35.3 to 77.9 0.00015 | 53.3 mg − 22.1 to 98.0 0.058 | 50.7 mg 13.4 to 87.8 0.03 | −13.9 mg −53.1 to 42.4 0.65 | 2.9 mg − 62.0 to 47.7 0.94 |
Average pain at rest over 24 h | Difference 95% CI p-value | 0.99 0.3 to 1.2 0.0005 | 1 −0.6 to 1.0 0.48 | 0.38 0.04 to 1.1 0.37 | 0 0.0 to 3.9 1.0 | 0.009 −0.8 to 0.5 0.98 | 0 −2.1 to 1.8 1.0 |
Average pain on movement over 24 h | Difference 95% CI p-value | 0.9 0.1 to 1.5 0.09 | 1 1.0 to 2.1 1.0 | 0.4 − 0.01 to 1.4 0.33 | 1 − 0.9 to 1.0 0.37 | 0.2 − 0.3 to 1.1 0.58 | 1 − 1.6 to 2.1 0.48 |
Maximum pain on movement over 24 h | Difference 95% CI p-value | 0.9 − 0.08 to 2.3 0.18 | 2 −1.6 to 2.0 0.15 | 0.37 − 0.4 to 2.1 0.35 | 1 −0.9 to 4.9 0.37 | 0.4 − 0.1 to 1.0 0.26 | 0 0.0 to 3.6 1.0 |