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Table 3 Clinical outcomes

From: Efficacy of electrical stimulation on epidural anesthesia for cesarean section: a randomized controlled trial

 

Group L

(n = 28)

Group E

(n = 26)

Primary outcome (complete success / partial success / failure)

15 / 4 / 9 (54 / 14 / 32)

21 / 4 / 1* (81 / 15 / 4)

Sensitivity in finding the epidural space

0.68

0.96*

Maternal satisfaction

3.39 ± 0.73

4.04 ± 0.72*

Ephedrine or phenylephrine use during operation / PACU

1.23 ± 1.46 / 0.32 ± 0.67

0.89 ± 1.07 / 0.23 ± 0.59

Hypotension (Y / N)

17 / 11 (61 / 39)

15 / 11 (58 / 42)

Nausea (Y / N)

2 / 26 (7 / 93)

1 / 25 (4 / 96)

Pain score (VAS) at discharge in the PACU

1.25 ± 1.40

1.65 ± 1.41

1 min Apgar

8.18 ± 1.16

7.69 ± 1.72

5 min Apgar

9.54 ± 0.58

9.23 ± 0.82

  1. Values are either the mean ± SD or the number of patients (%). Group L used a loss of resistance technique in the epidural cesarean section while group E used electrical epidural stimulation combined with a loss of resistance technique. Sensitivity in finding the epidural space was calculated as “complete success + partial success / complete success + partial success + failure” in each group. The calculation of the specificity was not available due to the methodological limitation. Maternal satisfaction was rated on a scale ranging from 1 (very unsatisfied) to 5 (very satisfied). Group E showed higher success rate, sensitivity in finding the epidural space and maternal satisfaction compared to group L. The other outcomes were comparable between the two groups. *p < 0.05 compared to group L. Abbreviations: VAS Visual analogue scale, PACU Post-anesthesia care unit
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BMC Anesthesiology

ISSN: 1471-2253

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