Outcome | Dexmedetomidine group | Placebo group | Relative risk | P value |
---|---|---|---|---|
(n = 80) | (n = 80) | (95% CI) | ||
Primary outcome, No. (%) | ||||
 Overall incidence of PPCs | 18 (22.5) | 32(40.0) | 0.563 (0.346–0.916) | 0.017 |
 Respiratory infection | 14 (17.5) | 19 (23.8) | 0.737 (0.398–1.356) | 0.329 |
 Respiratory failure | 3 (3.8) | 7 (8.8) | 0.429 (0.115–1.599) | 0.191 |
 Pleural effusion | 0 (0) | 2 (2.5) | – | 0.155 |
 Atelectasis | 1 (1.3) | 5 (6.3) | 0.200 (0.024–1.674) | 0.096 |
 Pneumothorax | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | – | – |
 Bronchospasm | 0 (0) | 1 (1.3) | – | 0.316 |
 Aspiration pneumonitis | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | – | – |
 Pulmonary edema | 1 (1.3) | 2 (2.5) | 0.500(0.046–5.404) | 0.560 |
 Pulmonary embolism | 1 (1.3) | 1 (1.3) | 1.000 (0.064–15.712) | 1.000 |
 Acute respiratory distress syndrome | 1 (1.3) | 0 (0) | – | 0.316 |
Secondary outcome, No. (%) | ||||
 The time to first diagnosis of PPCs a | 4 (2, 5) | 3 (2, 5) | – | 0.928 |
The number of PPCs b | ||||
 0.00 | 62 (77.5) | 48 (60.0) | – | – |
 1.00 | 15 (18.8) | 27 (33.8) | 0.541 (0.314–0.933) | 0.023 |
 2.00 | 3 (3.8) | 5 (6.3) | 0.489 (0.123–1.954) | 0.300 |
postoperative extrapulmonary complications c | ||||
 Delirium | 1 (1.3) | 4 (5.0) | 0.250 (0.029–2.188) | 0.173 |
 Anemia d | 3 (3.8) | 2 (2.5) | 1.500 (0.258–8.737) | 0.650 |
 Extrapulmonary infection | 2 (2.5) | 4 (5.0) | 0.500(0.094–2.653) | 0.405 |
 Need secondary surgery e | 4 (5.0) | 6 (7.5) | 0.667 (0.196–2.273) | 0.514 |
Adverse events | ||||
 Bradycardia f | 2 (2.5) | 2 (2.5) | – | 1 |
 Hypotension g | 2 (2.5) | 3 (3.8) | 0.667 (0.114–3.883) | 0.650 |
 Length of stay in hospital after surgery, median (IQR), day | 9 (8, 11) | 10 (9, 11) | – | 0.036 |
30-day all-cause mortality | 0(0.0) | 0(0.0) | – | 1 |