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Table 2 Intraoperative Characteristics

From: Dexmedetomidine for prevention of postoperative pulmonary complications in patients after oral and maxillofacial surgery with fibular free flap reconstruction:a prospective, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial

Characteristic

Dexmedetomidine group

Placebo group

P value

(n = 80)

(n = 80)

Cervical lymph node dissection, No. (%)

 No

17 (21.2)

15 (18.8)

0.719

 Unilateral

45 (56.3)

50 (62.5)

 

 Bilateral

18 (22.5)

15 (18.7)

 

Duration of surgery, median (IQR), mina

330 (275, 382)

310 (263, 393)

0.386

Duration of anesthesia, median (IQR), minb

362 (302, 428)

358 (298, 442)

0.732

Duration of limb ischemia time, median (IQR), minc

59 (53, 71)

60 (50, 68)

0.611

Vital volume, median (IQR), ml

425 (400, 450)

425 (400, 450)

0.860

Respiratory rate, median (IQR), breaths/ min

12 (12, 13)

12 (12, 14)

0.905

Peak pressure, median (IQR), cmH2O

 After intubation

15 (13, 16)

14 (13, 16)

0.281

 The highest during the surgery

16 (14, 18)

16 (14, 18)

0.989

 Before the end of the surgery

15 (14, 17)

15 (14, 17)

0.664

FiO2, median (IQR)

50 (50, 50)

50 (50, 50)

0.277

Intraoperative medication, median (IQR)

 Sufentanil, μg

30 (20, 40)

30 (25, 45)

0.083

 Propofol, mg

1200 (1000, 1500)

2500 (2000, 2700)

0.000

 Remifentanil, μg

1450 (1000, 1980)

2625 (1700, 3000)

0.000

 Dexmedetomidine, μg

188 (168, 200)

0 (0, 0)

0.000

Crystalloids, median (IQR), ml

1700 (1700, 2200)

1700 (1600, 2200)

0.947

Synthetic colloids, median (IQR), ml

500 (500, 500)

500 (500, 500)

0.149

Estimated blood loss during surgery, median (IQR), ml

300 (200, 400)

300 (200, 350)

0.508

Urine output, median (IQR)

675 (400, 900)

500 (350, 700)

0.016

Total intraoperative infusion, median (IQR), ml

1450 (1000, 1900)

1450 (1075, 1875)

0.895

  1. Abbreviations: FiO2 Fraction of inspired oxygen
  2. a Calculated as the time between skin incision and closure of the incision
  3. b Calculated as the time from the start of induction to the patient leaving the operating room
  4. c Calculated as the time from the beginning of inflation to the end of exhalation of the tourniquet in the thigh