Fig. 1

The differential effects of local anesthetics on esophageal carcinoma cell migration. a Representative photos of cell migration assay. OE19 and SK-GT-4 were treated with control or four local anesthetics at 100 μM: mepivacaine, bupivacaine, ropivacaine and lidocaine. b Quantification of cell migration using the Image J software shows the differential degree of inhibition on esophageal carcinoma cells among four local anesthetics at concentration range from 5 to 100 μM. Cell number of five random fields were quantified. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, compared to control. All experiments were independently performed at least three times