Table 3 Outcomes According to Subgroups
|  | All Patients | Brain | Spine | p value | All patients | PPC | No PPC | p value | All patients | ARISCAT < 26 | ARISCAT ≥ 26 | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n (%) | 784 (100.0) | 376 (48.0) | 408 (52.0) | Â | 777 (100.0) | 81 (10.4) | 696 (89.6) | Â | 748 (100.0) | 548 (73.3) | 200 (26.7) | Â |
PPCs, n (%) | ||||||||||||
PPCs | 81 (10.4) | 46 (12.4) | 35 (8.6) | 0.085 | 777 (100.0) | 81 (10.4) | 696 (89.6) | 0.000 | 80 (10.8) | 43 (7.9) | 37 (18.6) | 0.000 |
Need of oxygen | 69 (8.9) | 38 (10.2) | 31 (7.6) | 0.202 | 81 (10.4) | 81 (100.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0.000 | 68 (9.2) | 39 (7.2) | 29 (14.6) | 0.002 |
Respiratory failure | 14 (1.8) | 8 (2.2) | 6 (1.5) | 0.478 | 69 (8.9) | 69 (85.2) | 0 (0.0) | 0.000 | 14 (1.9) | 6 (1.1) | 8 (4.0) | 0.010 |
NIV | 9 (1.2) | 4 (1.2) | 5 (1.2) | 0.963 | 14 (1.8) | 14 (17.3) | 0 (0.0) | 0.000 | 9 (1.3) | 7 (1.3) | 2 (1.1) | 0.801 |
ARDS | 1 (0.1) | 1 (0.3) | 0 (0.0) | 0.295 | 9 (1.2) | 5 (6.3) | 4 (0.6) | 0.003 | 1 (0.1) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.5) | 0.098 |
Pneumothorax | 1 (0.1) | 1 (0.3) | 0 (0.0) | 0.295 | 1 (0.1) | 1 (1.2) | 0 (0.0) | 0.003 | 1 (0.1) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.5) | 0.098 |
Secondary outcomes, n (%) | ||||||||||||
Severe PPCs | 19 (2.4) | 13 (3.5) | 6 (1.5) | 0.068 | 19 (2.4) | 19 (23.5) | 0 (0.0) | 0.000 | 19 (2.6) | 6 (1.1) | 13 (6.5) | 0.000 |
Intra-operative complications | 344 (43.9) | 154 (41.1) | 190 (46.6) | 0.121 | 342 (44.1) | 46 (56.8) | 296 (42.6) | 0.015 | 336 (44.9) | 237 (43.2) | 99 (49.5) | 0.128 |
Desaturation | 38 (4.9) | 23 (6.1) | 15 (3.7) | 0.110 | 37 (4.8) | 11 (13.6) | 26 (3.7) | 0.000 | 36 (4.8) | 21 (3.8) | 15 (7.5) | 0.038 |
Unplanned RMs | 25 (3.2) | 15 (4.0) | 10 (2.5) | 0.220 | 24 (3.1) | 5 (6.2) | 19 (2.7) | 0.091 | 22 (2.9) | 12 (2.2) | 10 (5.0) | 0.043 |
Pressure reduction | 25 (3.2) | 11 (2.9) | 14 (3.4) | 0.692 | 25 (3.2) | 3 (3.7) | 22 (3.2) | 0.795 | 22 (2.9) | 17 (3.1) | 5 (2.5) | 0.666 |
Flow limitation | 5 (0.6) | 3 (0.8) | 2 (0.5) | 0.590 | 4 (0.5) | 1 (1.3) | 3 (0.4) | 0.322 | 4 (0.5) | 2 (0.4) | 2 (1.0) | 0.289 |
Hypotension | 275 (35.1) | 117 (31.2) | 158 (38.7) | 0.028 | 274 (35.3) | 34 (42.0) | 240 (34.5) | 0.185 | 270 (36.1) | 197 (35.9) | 73 (36.5) | 0.890 |
Vasopressors | 245 (31.3) | 104 (27.7) | 141 (34.6) | 0.040 | 244 (31.4) | 37 (45.7) | 207 (29.8) | 0.004 | 242 (32.4) | 168 (30.7) | 74 (37.0) | 0.101 |
New arrhythmias | 9 (1.1) | 6 (1.6) | 3 (0.7) | 0.257 | 9 (1.2) | 0 (0.0) | 9 (1.3) | 0.303 | 9 (1.2) | 5 (0.9) | 4 (2.0) | 0.227 |
Hospital LOS, days, median (IQR) | 2 (1; 5) | 2 (1; 5) | 2 (1; 5) | 0.993 | 2 (1; 5) | 3 (1; 5) | 2 (1; 5) | 0.447 | 2 (1; 5) | 2 (1; 5) | 3 (1; 5) | 0.033 |
Hospital mortality | 5 (0.7) | 4 (1.2) | 1 (0.3) | 0.145 | 5 (0.7) | 1 (1.3) | 4 (0.6) | 0.500 | 5 (0.7) | 1 (0.2) | 4 (2.2) | 0.006 |