Table 1 Characteristics of included studies
Author | Year | Treatments | Â | Â | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Treatments 1 | Age (year) | Male (%) | Cases /n | Treatments 2 | Age (year) | Male (%) | Cases /n | Treatments 3 | Age (year) | Male (%) | Cases /n | ||
Aouad et al | 2007 | Propofol | 4.2 ± 1.4 | 46 | 8/41 | Placebo | 4.3 ± 1.3 | 58 | 17/36 |  |  |  |  |
Bae et al | 2010 | Midazolam | 4.9 ± 1.6 | 53 | 2/15 | Placebo | 4.1 ± 1.4 | 47 | 19/45 |  |  |  |  |
Chen et al | 2010 | Midazolam | 3.6 ± 1.9 | – | 5/40 | Propofol | 3.7 ± 1.7 | – | 8/40 | Ketamine | 3.8 ± 2.0 | – | 15/40 |
Chen et al | 2013 | Dexmedetomidine | 4.1 ± 1.3 | 63 | 3/28 | Ketamine | 4.2 ± 1.2 | 67 | 6/28 | Placebo | 4.3 ± 1.1 | 62 | 11/28 |
Cho et al | 2014 | Midazolam | 8.0 ± 2.1 | 33 | 10/60 | Placebo | 8.0 ± 2.1 | 30 | 13/30 |  |  |  |  |
Choi et al | 2018 | Remifentanil | 6.0 ± 1.1 | 44 | 2/39 | Placebo | 5.6 ± 1.1 | 49 | 14/41 |  |  |  |  |
Choi et al | 2016 | Placebo | 6.1 ± 2.3 | 48 | 21/33 | Remifentanil | 6.2 ± 2.0 | 50 | 11/34 |  |  |  |  |
Jeong et al | 2012 | Placebo | 4.8 ± 0.4 | 55 | 15/20 | Ketamine | 5.0 ± 0.4 | 50 | 10/40 |  |  |  |  |
Jung et al | 2010 | Ketamine | 5.4 ± 1.9 | 48 | 4/23 | Fentanyl | 7.5 ± 2.0 | 33 | 0/24 |  |  |  |  |
Kim et al | 2014 | Dexmedetomidine | 4.3 ± 1.4 | 38 | 7/47 | Placebo | 4.3 ± 1.0 | 55 | 33/47 |  |  |  |  |
Kim et al | 2016 | Midazolam | 4.1 ± 1.4 | 47 | 15/34 | Ketamine | 4.2 ± 1.3 | 48 | 11/33 |  |  |  |  |
Liang et al | 2014 | Sufentanil | 5.1 ± 1.3 | 57 | 9/30 | Fentanyl | 4.8 ± 1.3 | 47 | 11/30 | Placebo | 5.5 ± 1.4 | 43 | 19/30 |
Li et al | 2012 | Dexmedetomidine | 5.0 ± 2.0 | 53 | 3/30 | Placebo | 4.0 ± 1.0 | 57 | 13/30 |  |  |  |  |
Lin et al | 2016 | Dexmedetomidine | 4.7 ± 1.9 | 60 | 10/60 | Placebo | 4.1 ± 1.6 | 50 | 24/30 |  |  |  |  |
Mizrak et al | 2010 | Ketamine | 7.7 ± 3.1 | 37 | 5/30 | Propofol | 6.9 ± 3.0 | 40 | 5/30 |  |  |  |  |
Mizrak et al | 2011 | Dexmedetomidine | 8.5 ± 2.6 | 50 | 6/30 | Placebo | 8.6 ± 2.8 | 43 | 16/30 |  |  |  |  |
Song et al | 2016 | Dexmedetomidine | 4.3 ± 1.7 | 50 | 6/28 | Placebo | 3.8 ± 1.5 | 50 | 17/28 |  |  |  |  |
Abdelaziz et al | 2016 | Dexmedetomidine | 2.7 ± 1.5 | 52 | 4/35 | Midazolam | 2.5 ± 1.2 | 52 | 7/35 | Placebo | 2.8 ± 1.7 | 56 | 15/35 |
Kumari et al | 2017 | Dexmedetomidine | 7.9 ± 3.2 | 57 | 3/30 | Clonidine | 7.5 ± 2.9 | 63 | 1/30 | Midazolam | 6.6 ± 2.8 | 60 | 0/30 |
Heinmiller et al | 2013 | Clonidine | 4.3 ± 1.5 | 40 | 6/25 | Placebo | 4.1 ± 1.3 | 48 | 15/25 |  |  |  |  |
Ghai et al | 2010 | Clonidine | 3.4 ± 1.5 | 62 | 3/39 | Placebo | 3.0 ± 1.4 | 60 | 16/40 |  |  |  |  |