Effects of intravenous infusion of lidocaine and dexmedetomidine on inhibiting cough during the tracheal extubation period after thyroid surgery

Table 5 Recovery profile after the surgery

Variables	LIDO group	DEX group	CON group	P value
Variables	(n = 60)	(n = 60)	(n = 60)	P value
Time to awareness (min)	10.2 ± 1.7	19.1 ± 2.6^*	9.3 ± 2.2	0.000
Postoperative length of hospital stay (d)	3.4 ± 0.9	3.6 ± 0.9	5.0 ± 1.5^*	0.001

Categorical variables were presented as the mean ± standard deviation for all of the patients, with 60 cases in each group. LIDO group, iv. lidocaine; DEX group, iv. dexmedetomidine; CON group, iv. equal volume normal saline. Time to awareness = time from discontinuation of propofol and remifentanil to spontaneous eye opening by light stimulation. Compared with the LIDO group and the CON group, the time to awareness was longer in the DEX group (^*P = 0.000). Compared with the LIDO group and the DEX group, the postoperative length of hospital stay was longer in the CON group (^*P < 0.01)

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