Early initiation of renal replacement therapy in critically ill patients: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials

Table 2 Primary and secondary outcomes, adverse events and sensitivity analyses

Outcome	Number of included trials	Early RRT patients	Control patients	OR or MD	95% CI	P for effect	P for heterogeneity	I² (%)
Overall trials	10	1073	1141
Primary outcomes
-Mortality	10	1073	1141	0.99	0.66 to 1.50	0.97	< 0.0001	74
General ICU patients	7	926	992	1.15	0.79 to 1.68	0.47	0.005	68
Cardiac surgery patients	3	147	149	0.19	0.01 to 2.66	0.22	0.003	88
SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS (including only low risk of bias studies)	4	771	865	1.13	0.66 to 1.95	0.65	0.0005	83
-Survival with dependence on RRT	6	931	939	0.86	0.54 to 1.37	0.51	0.54	0
General ICU patients	5	819	827	0.86	0.54 to 1.37	0.51	0.54	0
Cardiac surgery patients	1	112	112	na	na	na	na	na
SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS (including only low risk of bias studies)	4	771	775	0.90	0.56 to 1.45	0.66	0.53	0
SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS (removing 1 study at time)	All 95% CIs of OR > 1 and p < 0.05
Secondary outcomes
-ICU stay (days)	6	808	780	−0.87	−2.02 to 0.27	0.14	0.11	44
-HLOS (days)	6	808	780	−2.92	−4.47 to − 1.38	0.0002	0.35	10
SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS (including only low risk of bias studies)	3	669	669	−3.03	−5.36 to −0.71	0.10	0.11	58
Adverse events
-Bleeding Complications	8	1038	1014	0.90	0.70 to 1.17	0.44	0.68	0
-Blood transfusions	3	659	656	0.94	0.72 to 1.23	0.65	0.62	0
-Catheter-related bacteremia	4	498	505	1.70	0.98 to 2.93	0.06	0.53	0
-Rhythm disturbances	6	775	783	1.09	0.56 to 2.13	0.80	0.09	47
-Thrombocytopenia	2	423	420	1.42	0.76 to 2.63	0.27	0.05	75

RRT renal replacement therapy, OR relative risk, MD mean difference, CI confidence interval, P p-value, ICU intensive care unit, HLOS hospital length of stay

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