Postoperative analgesia for pediatric craniotomy patients: a randomized controlled trial

BMC Anesthesiology

Table 4 Total amount of medicines used in PCIA or NCIA or for remedy (1–12 years old, X ± SD)

	1–6 Years Old Patients				7–12 Years Old Patients
	Group C	Group F	Group M	Group T	Group C	Group F	Group M	Group T
Average total medicines use in PCIA or NCIA pump (mcg/kg/d)
1st day	0	5.23 ± 1.21	472 ± 85	7210 ± 1560	0	5.65 ± 1.54	504 ± 105	9010 ± 2060
2nd day	0	5.05 ± 1.04	495 ± 92	6780 ± 1050	0	5.54 ± 0.98	493 ± 118	8280 ± 1150
Morphine equivalents	0	514 ± 112	486 ± 90	699 ± 164	0	560 ± 112	502 ± 113	864 ± 154
Total amount of Rescue medicines used in each group (48 h)
Ibuprofen (P.O., mg)	3120	920*	540*	1290*	6000	400*	840*	650*
Ibuprofen (cases / %)	26/65%	9/22.5%*	5/12.5%*	12/30%*	27/67.5%	2/5%*	4/10%*	3/7.5%*
Comparison of Ibuprofen	X2 = 27.473		95%CI = 0.000–0.019		X2 = 54.504		95%CI = 0.000–0.019
Morphine (I.V., mg)	4.8	0.4*	0*	1.1*	11.1	0*	0*	2.2*
Morphine (cases / %)	12/30%	1/2.5%*	0*	3/7.5%*	15/37.5%	0*	0*	4/10%*
Comparison of Morphine	X2 = 20.879		95%CI = 0.000–0.019		X2 = 31.848		95%CI = 0.000–0.019

Average total medicines use in PCIA or NCIA pump (mcg/kg/d):
1st day (2nd day), Group F = Total Fentanyl per kg used in pump during the first postoperative day (second day); Group M = Total Morphine per kg used in pump during the first postoperative day (second day); Group T = Total Tramadol per kg used in pump during the first postoperative day (second day)
Morphine equivalents: All medicines converted to their morphine equivalents, and the average total morphine per kg used in pump per day
Total amount of Rescue medicines used in each group (48 h): As rescue medicines, the total amount and cases(%) of ibuprofen or morphine used in one group; *P < 0.001 compared with Group C

ISSN: 1471-2253