Table 1 Baseline characteristics
Description of patients | Bupivacaine (n = 28) | Levobupivacaine (n = 28) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
N | % | N | % | |
Gender | ||||
Female | 19 | 67.9 | 24 | 85.7 |
ASA physical status | ||||
1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 3.6 |
2 | 2 | 7.1 | 9 | 32.1 |
3 | 26 | 92.9 | 18 | 64.3 |
Education | ||||
Elementary school | 26 | 92.9 | 27 | 96.4 |
High school/University degree | 2 | 7.1 | 1 | 3.6 |
Concomitant diseases | ||||
Hypertension | 18 | 64.3 | 18 | 64.3 |
Diabetes Mellitus | 13 | 46.4 | 6 | 21.4 |
Dyslipidemia | 7 | 25.0 | 8 | 28.6 |
Arrhythmia | 7 | 25.0 | 5 | 17.9 |
Renal Failure | 7 | 25.0 | 3 | 10.7 |
Cerebrovascular disease | 1 | 4.2 | 4 | 16.7 |
Depression | 1 | 3.6 | 6 | 21.4 |
Concomitant treatments | ||||
Diuretic | 14 | 50.0 | 11 | 39.3 |
ACE inhibitors | 10 | 35.7 | 7 | 25.0 |
AR Blockers | 6 | 21.4 | 8 | 28.6 |
Calcium antagonists | 7 | 25.0 | 4 | 14.3 |
Beta-blockers | 5 | 17.9 | 6 | 21.4 |
CNS drugs | 19 | 67.9 | 25 | 89.3 |
Benzodiazepines | 11 | 39.3 | 11 | 39.3 |
Antidepressants | 8 | 28.6 | 12 | 42.9 |
Fracture type | ||||
Pertrochanteric | 17 | 60.7 | 11 | 39.3 |
Subtrochanteric | 1 | 3.6 | 5 | 17.9 |
Femoral neck | 8 | 28.6 | 7 | 25 |
Periprosthetic | 1 | 3.6 | 2 | 7.1 |
Supracondylar | 1 | 3.6 | 1 | 3.6 |
Distal diaphyseal | 0 | 0 | 2 | 7.1 |
Surgery type | ||||
Intramedullary internal fixation | 16 | 57.1 | 14 | 50.0 |
Extramedullary internal fixation | 5 | 17.9 | 8 | 28.6 |
Total hip arthroplasty | 3 | 10.7 | 1 | 3.6 |
Cemented arthroplasty | 4 | 14.3 | 3 | 10.7 |
Cementless hemiarthroplasty | 0 | 0 | 2 | 7.1 |
Local anesthetic doses | ||||
7 mg | 8 | 28.6 | 7 | 25.0 |
9 mg | 20 | 71.4 | 21 | 75.0 |
Right rCSO2 lower than Left rCSO2 | 14 | 50.0 | 11 | 39.3 |
Mean (SD) | n | Mean (SD) | N | |
Age (years) | 83.1 (5.5) | 28 | 83.7 (6) | 28 |
Weight (Kg) | 66 (10.3) | 28 | 67.6 (11.7) | 28 |
Height (cm) | 161 (7) | 28 | 159.1 (6.3) | 28 |
Baseline hemoglobin (g/L) | 112.6 (19) | 28 | 116.2 (18.1) | 28 |
Duration on surgical intervention (min) | 60.6 (24.7) | 28 | 78.9 (35.5) | 28 |
Baseline SBP (mmHg) | 150.8 (24.7) | 28 | 148.7 (21.8) | 28 |
Baseline MAP (mmHg) | 87.1 (14.2) | 27 | 87.8 (14.4) | 27 |
Baseline HR (bpm) | 78.7 (11.7) | 28 | 81.5 (11.5) | 28 |
Baseline oxygen saturation (%) | 92.4 (6.6) | 28 | 93.9 (2.7) | 28 |
Baseline rCSO2 (%) Left | 59.8 (7.8) | 28 | 59.7 (10.4) | 28 |
Baseline rCSO2 (%) Right | 58.8 (9.1) | 28 | 60.1 (11.2) | 28 |