Table 2 Summary of effect estimates for primary and secondary outcomes in the primary meta-analysis
Outcome | No. of studies | No. of patients | Effect measure (statistical model) | Effect estimate (95% CI) | Effect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Haemodynamic instability | 14 | 1327 | RR (M-H, FE) | 1.01 [0.86, 1.19] | NS |
Accidental awakenings | 3 | 350 | RR (M-H, FE) | 1.36 [0.64, 2.89] | NS |
Muscle relaxant consumption | 11 | 821 | Std. MD (IV, FE) | 0.18 [0.04, 0.32] | I |
Agitation on emergence | 6 | 923 | RR (M-H, FE) | 0.91 [0.61, 1.34] | NS |
Time to awakening (min) | 40 | 3064 | MD (IV, RE) | −0.01 [− 0.71, 0.68] | NS |
Time to respiratory recovery (min) | 20 | 2622 | MD (IV, RE) | 0.82 [0.20, 1.45] | I |
Time to orientation (min) | 20 | 1738 | MD (IV, RE) | 1.35 [−0.12, 2.82] | NS |
Time to reach a recovery score (min) | 12 | 2114 | MD (IV, RE) | 0.13 [−1.09, 1.35] | NS |
Time to follow simple instructions (min) | 23 | 2497 | MD (IV, RE) | 0.46 [−0.39, 1.30] | NS |
Time to tracheal extubation (min) | 61 | 5773 | MD (IV, RE) | 0.70 [0.03, 1.38] | I |
Post-anaesthetic shivering | 23 | 3382 | RR (M-H, FE) | 1.06 [0.92, 1.22] | NS |
PONV | 65 | 7043 | RR (M-H, RE) | 0.61 [0.53, 0.69] | P |
Pain score - After tracheal extubation | 27 | 2631 | MD (IV, RE) | −0.51 [−0.81, −0.20] | P |
Pain score - 12 to 24 h after tracheal extubation | 18 | 1836 | MD (IV, RE) | −0.14 [− 0.31, 0.03] | NS |
Analgesic consumption | 40 | 4192 | Std. MD (IV, RE) | 0.20 [0.03, 0.37] | I |
PACU time (min) | 21 | 2653 | MD (IV, RE) | −2.91 [−5.47, −0.35] | P |
Cognitive assessment scales | 7 | 387 | Std. MD (IV, RE) | 0.45 [−0.15, 1.05] | NS |
Post-operative cognitive dysfunction | 4 | 674 | RR (M-H, FE) | 1.14 [0.86, 1.51] | NS |
Patients satisfied | 10 | 924 | RR (M-H, FE) | 1.06 [1.01, 1.10] | P |
Satisfaction score | 5 | 967 | Std. MD (IV, FE) | 0.13 [0.00, 0.26] | P |
Grade 3–4 adverse event | 14 | 2046 | RR (M-H, FE) | 1.04 [0.76, 1.42] | NS |
Hospital mortality | 11 | 1427 | RR (M-H, FE) | 0.78 [0.40, 1.53] | NS |
Hospital LOS (days) | 30 | 2837 | MD (IV, RE) | 0.18 [−0.16, 0.53] | NS |