Factors associated with intravenous lidocaine in pediatric patients undergoing laparoscopic appendectomy – a retrospective, single-centre experience

Table 4 Postoperative outcome measures of all patients

Variable	Control (n = 56)	Lidocaine (n = 60)	p-value
PONV [number (%)]	17 (30.4)	21 (35.0)	0.594 ^b
Additional PONV-prophylaxis [number (%)]			0.087 ^d
None	7 (12.5)	14 (23.3)
Ondansetron	49 (87.5)	44 (73.3)
Ondansetron + Droperidol	0 (0)	2 (3.3)
Emergence delirium [number (%)]	4 (7.1)	0 (0)	0.05 ^d
Time to first bowel movement post-op [hrs]
Median (IQR)	48 (25)	40 (30)	0.05 ^c
Post-op complications [number (%)]
Any	6 (10.7)	5 (8.3)	0.757 ^d
Dindo Score
I	1 (1.8)	2 (3.3)
II	5 (8.9)	2 (3.3)
III	0 (0)	1 (1.7)
IV	0 (0)	0 (0)
Discharge after surgery [days]
Mean (SD)	3.75 (2.77)	4.67 (4.52)	0.19 ^a

a = Student's t-test, b = Chi-square, c = Mann-Whitney U, d = Fisher’s Exact. Dindo Score of postoperative surgical complications [16]: I = alteration of normal postoperative course, no surgical, endoscopic or radiologic intervention needed, allowed medications in grade I: antiemetics, antipyretics, analgetics, diuretics, electrolytes; II = pharmacological treatments other than allowed in grade I, including blood transfusions and total parenteral nutrition; III = complications requiring surgical, endoscopic or radiological intervention, IV = life-threatening complication requiring intensive care unit

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