Table 2 Distribution of outcomes of interest by the intervention group
Variable & category | Verbal (n = 43) | Verbal and visual (n = 42) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
Time taken (median (IQR) (seconds) | 294 (155–625) | 175 (116–260) | 0.008b |
Number of intervertebral spacesa (n (%)) | 0.148c | ||
1 | 28 (65) | 32 (76) | |
2 | 8 (19) | 8 (19) | |
≥ 3 | 6 (14) | 1 (2) | |
Number of skin puncturesa (n (%)) | 0.001d | ||
1 | 24 (56) | 22 (54) | |
2 | 4 (9) | 15 (37) | |
≥ 3 | 15 (35) | 9 (10) | |
Number of anesthesiologists (n (%)) | 0.026d | ||
1 | 37 (86) | 42 (100) | |
2 | 6 (14) | 0 (0) | |
Anesthesiologist’s satisfaction (n (%)) | 0.833c | ||
Dissatisfied | 5 (12) | 3 (7) | |
Neutral | 6 (14) | 5 (12) | |
Satisfied | 16 (37) | 19 (45) | |
Very satisfied | 16 (37) | 15 (36) | |
Patient satisfactiona (n (%)) | 0.183d | ||
Dissatisfied | 1 (2) | 1 (2) | |
Neutral | 6 (14) | 1 (2) | |
Satisfied | 13 (30) | 13 (31) | |
Very satisfied | 20 (47) | 26 (62) | |
First pass success (n (%)) | 0.926c | ||
Yes | 25 (58) | 24 (57) | |
No | 18 (42) | 18 (43) | |
Successful (n (%)) | 1.00d | ||
Yes | 41 (95) | 41 (98) | |
No | 2 (5) | 1 (2) |