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Table 1 Sedation Scale (SS-5) and Emotional State Scale (ESS-4)

From: Pediatric premedication: a double-blind randomized trial of dexmedetomidine or ketamine alone versus a combination of dexmedetomidine and ketamine

Sedation Score

 

1

Rarely awake, needs shaking or shouting to wake up

2

Asleep, eyes closed, wake up when called softly or lightly touched

3

Sleepy, but eyes open spontaneously

4

Awake

5

Agitated

Emotional State Score

 

1

Calm

2

Apprehensive, not smiling, tentative behavior, withdrawn

3

Crying

4

Thrashing, crying with movements of the arms and legs, resisting