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Table 5 VAS pain scores (0–10) at rest and during ambulation on the first (VAS1) and third (VAS3) postoperative days

From: Gastrointestinal motility following thoracic surgery: the effect of thoracic epidural analgesia. A randomised controlled trial

 

Group Ep-R

Group Ep-RM

Group IV-M

p-value

VAS1 rest

1 (0–4)

1 (0–2)

2 (1–3)

0.35

VAS3 rest

2 (1–4)

0 (0–1)

2 (2–4)

0.09

VAS1 dynamic

5 (3–8)

4 (3–5)

5 (3–7)

0.71

VAS3 dynamic

6 (5–6)

4 (3–5)

5 (4–6)

0.22

  1. Values are expressed as median (interquartile range). p values <0.05 represent statistically significant results. (Ep-R Epidural Ropivacaine, Ep-RM Epidural Ropivacaine and Morphine, IV-M Intravenous Morphine)