Table 2 Primary outcomes from trials with low risk of bias and all trials estimates
Surgical procedure | Cholecystectomy | Hysterectomy | Mastectomy | Orthopedic arthroplasty surgery | Spinal Surgery | Thoracic surgery | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Outcomes | Reduction (mg)/RR Estimate (95% CI; p-value; trials) | Test for subgroup differences P-value | Reduction (mg) /RR Estimate (95% CI; p-value; trials) | Test for subgroup differences P-value | Reduction (mg) /RR Estimate (95% CI; p-value; trials) | Test for subgroup differences P-value | Reduction (mg) /RR Estimate (95% CI; p-value; trials) | Test for subgroup differences P-value | Reduction (mg) /RR Estimate (95% CI; p-value; trials) | Test for subgroup differences P-value | Reduction (mg)/RR Estimate (95% CI; p-value; trials) | Test for subgroup differences P-value |
Beneficial outcomes | ||||||||||||
24-h morphine consumption Low risk of bias | 12.2 mg (9.8, 14.6; 1 trial) | - | 1.6 mg (−4.8, 8.0; 2 trials) | P = 0.21 | - | - | 4.0 mg (−0.8, 8.7; 3 trials) | P = 0.75 | - | - | 6.7 mg (−2.0, 15.4; 1 trial) | - |
24-h morphine consumption All trials | 7.3 mg (95% CI: 4.6, 9.9; p < 0.00001; 10 trials; TSA adj.CI: 3.5, 11.0; 62.4%) | P = 0.9 | 10.5 mg (95% CI: 6.7, 14.4; p < 0.00001; 14 trials; TSA adj. CI: 3.0, 18.1; 30.2%) | P = 0.16 | 5.2 mg (95% CI: 0.9, 9.5; p = 0.02; 6 trials; TSA adj. CI: −4.6, 15.0; 24.3%) | P = 0.15 | 6.1 mg (95% CI: 0.2, 12.1; p = 0.04; 6 trials; TSA adj.CI: −18.1, 30.3; 5.8%) | P = 0.47 | 10.6 mg (95% CI: 2.1, 19.0; p = 0.01; 8 trials; TSA adj.CI: −24.1, 45.2; 6.1%) | P = 0.52 | 6.3 mg (95% CI: 2.9, 9.8; p = 0.0003; 7 trials; TSA adj.CI: −0.3, 12.3; 28.9%) | P = 0.25 |
Harmful outcomes | ||||||||||||
Serious adverse events Low risk of bias | Not estimable | - | - | - | - | - | 2.98 (0.36, 24.41; two trials) | P = 0.49 | - | - | 1.35 (0.69, 2.63; two trials) | P = 0.49 |
Serious adverse events All trials | Not estimable | - | 0.55 (95% CI: 0.05, 5.61; p 0.61; 5 trials; TSA adj. CI -; 3.3%) | P = 0.16 | Not estimable | - | 2.98 (95% CI: 0.36, 24.41; p = 0.31; 2 trials; TSA adj. CI: -; 2.1%) | P = 0.3 | Not estimable | - | 1.06 (95% CI: 0.57, 1.74; p = 0.81; 4 trials; TSA adj.CI: 0.5, 2.1; 55.9%) | P = 0.72 |