| T group (n = 250) | R group (n = 250) | P value |
---|---|---|---|
Characteristics of patients | |||
 Gender (male/female) | 137/113 | 133/117 | 0.720 |
 Age (years) | 48.0 ± 12.6 | 47.1 ± 12.6 | 0.436 |
 Height (m) | 1.68 ± 0.08 | 1.67 ± 0.08 | 0.207 |
 Weight (kg) | 62.9 ± 9.0 | 63.1 ± 9.0 | 0.777 |
 BMI (kg/m2) | 21.8 ± 2.6 | 22.2 ± 2.6 | 0.123 |
 ASA 1/2/3 | 105/145/0 | 111/139/0 | 0.588 |
 Mouth opening < 4 (cm) | 0 | 0 | - |
 Mallampati score (1/2/3) | 165/85/0 | 173/77/0 | 0.445 |
 Limited neck extension | 0 | 0 | - |
 Thyromental distance <4 cm | 0 | 0 | - |
Characteristics of trainees | |||
 Number | 5 | 5 | - |
 Age (year) | 29.6 ± 1.8 | 30.2 ± 2.4 | 0.003 |
 Gender (male/female) | 3/2 | 3/2 | - |
 Doctors’ qualifications (years) | 2 | 2 | - |