First author/year | Nr | Country | Setting and most frequent reasons for admission | Study design | Age (mean or mdn) | Sample size | Male (%) | Outcome (mortality) | Total mortality (%) | Severity of illness (mean score ± SD or mdn and range or IQR) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Antonini 2008 [17] | 1 | Italy | General ICU admissions: 36 % trauma; 26 % cerebrovascular disease; 14 % sepsis | Pro | Mean: 53 | 136 | 71 | 28-day | 27 | SOFA: 6 (range 0–18) SAPS II: 40 (range 6–76) |
Attanà 2013 [18] | 2 | Italy | STEMI patients with persistent cardiogenic shock after primary PCI admitted to ICCU | Pro | Mean: 73 | 63 | 62 | In-ICCU | 49 | APACHE II: 20.6 ± 12.4 |
Boniatti 2011 [27] | 3 | Brazil | General ICU admissions: 64 % medical admissions; 27 % sepsis; 24 % elective surgery; 12 % emergency surgery | Pro | Mean: 56 | 175 | 53 | In-hospital | 37 | APACHE II: 20.8 ± 8.0 SOFA score: 6.2 ± 3.8 |
Cusack 2002 [19] | 4 | UK | General ICU admissions: 17 % respiratory failure; 11 % post-cardiac arrest; 8 % trauma | Pro | Mean: 61 | 100 | NA | 28-day | 31 | APACHE II: 20.5 |
Dondorp 2004 [29] | 5 | Vietnam | Patients with severe falciparum malaria admitted to ICU | Pro | Mdn: 31 | 268 | 80 | Not defined | 17 | GCS < 11: 51 % 8 % Haemodynamic shocka |
Dubin 2007 [37] | 6 | Argentina | General ICU admissions: 56 % medical admissions; 35 % elective surgery; 9 % emergency surgery | Pro | Mean: 65 | 935 | 49 | 30-day | 11 | APACHE II: 13 ± 7 SOFA: 3 ± 3 |
FitzSullivan 2005 [20] | 7 | USA | Trauma ICU admissions: 60 % blunt trauma | Retro | Mean: 36 | 3102 | 81 | In-hospital | 17 | APACHE II: 26.1 ± 10.5 ISS: 20.4 ± 12.9 |
Hucker 2005 [21] | 8 | UK | A&E admissions: 46 % medical admissions; 17 % elderly care; 16 % discharged | Pro | Mean: 67 | 672 | NA | In-hospital | 12 | 93 % alert on AVPU scale |
Kaplan 2004 [7] | 9 | USA | Trauma patients requiring vascular repair of torso or extremities, trauma centre: 83 % penetrating trauma | Retro | Mean: 32 | 282 | NA | 28-day | 23 | ISS: 15.8 ± 11.0 |
Kaplan 2008 [16] | 10 | USA | Major trauma patients, trauma centre: 59 % blunt trauma | Retro | Mean: 33 | 78 | 44 | 28-day in hospital | 33 | ISS: 8.9 ± 7.3 |
Lazzeri 2010 [22] | 11 | Italy | STEMI patients admitted to ICCU at tertiary centre undergoing primary PCI | Pro | Mdn: 67 | 445 | 75 | In-hospital | 10 | 92 % Killip class I-II 8 % Killip class II-IV 41 % complications in ICCU |
Lipnick 2013 [13] | 12 | USA | General ICU admissions: 57 % medical; 44 % surgical; 16 % sepsis | Retro | Mean: 65 | 664 | 55 | 30-day | 15 | 33 % no organ failure 53 % 1–2 organs failed 14 %% ≥ 3 organs failedb |
Martin 2013 [23] | 13 | Germany | Surgical ICU admissions: 17 % maxillofacial surgery; 13 % ENT; 12 % neurosurgery | Retro | Mean: 59 | 1551 | 54 | In-hospital | 9 | Average length of stay in ICU: 4.2 days |
Martin 2005a [25] | 14 | USA | Surgical ICU admissions: 56 % abdominal; 18 % vascular; 10 % thoracic | Retro | Mean: 52 | 2291 | 61 | In-ICU | 8 | APACHE II: 21.8 ± 9.7 SAPS: 16.8 ± 8.8 |
Martin 2005b [24] | 15 | USA | Trauma patients, trauma centre: 65 % blunt trauma | Retro | Mean: 38 | 427 | 79 | In-hospital | 10 | ISS: 23 ± 23 |
Novovic 2014 [28] | 16 | Serbia | ICU patients requiring mechanical ventilation | Retro | Mean: 60 | 142 | 47 | 28-day | 52 | APACHE II: 16.2 ± 6.4 |
Rocktaeschel 2003 [8] | 17 | Australia | General ICU admissions: 91 % respiratory; 54 % gastrointestinal; 51 % cardiovascular | Retro | Mdn: 65 | 300 | 58 | In-hospital | 28 | APACHE II: 17 (IQR 14 – 22) |
Sahu 2006 [26] | 18 | USA | Patients with acute MI admitted to coronary care unit: 65 % STEMI | Retro | Mean: 63 | 773 | 62 | In-hospital | 11 | 5 % cardiogenic shock |
Shane 2014 [30] | 19 | Uganda | Major trauma patients, trauma centre: 65 % road traffic accidents; 35 % assault | Pro | Mean: 26 | 93 | 81 | In-hospital | 34 | ISS: 25.4 ± 8.3 |