Table 1 Baseline clinical and laboratory characteristics of the study subjects

 Number of patients

56

49

32

-

 Males, no. (%)

29(51.79 %)

27(55.10 %)

14(43.75 %)

0.418

 Age (years), mean ± SD

 COPD, no (%)

 Hypertension, no (%)

 Diabetes mellitus, no (%)

68.04 ± 9.36

20(35.71 %)

23(41.07 %)

9(16.07 %)

71.39 ± 8.85

24(48.98 %)

23(46.94 %)

9(18.37 %)

69.16 ± 9.73

19(59.38 %)

17(53.13 %)

7(21.88 %)

0.246

0.032*

0.473

0.381

 APACHE II score

 SOFA score

9.87 ± 3.12

5.26 ± 2.09

12.50 ± 4.75

7.83 ± 2.53

18.34 ± 6.09

11.42 ± 3.74

0.001**

0.002**

 SuPAR (ng/mL)

 PCT (ng/mL)

 White blood cell count (10⁹/L)

6.58 ± 3.17

6.14 ± 3.54

11.96 ± 2.866

8.62 ± 4.80

11.05 ± 4.60

18.26 ± 3.98

15.97 ± 5.44

27.69 ± 7.28

26.67 ± 7.04

0.001**

<0.001**

0.037*

Lactic acid (mmol/L)

1.75 ± 1.16

3.27 ± 1.48

6.03 ± 3.82

0.012*

 BUN (mmol/L)

 Scr (μmol/L)

 ALT (U/L)

 AST (U/L)

 Bilirubin (mg/dL)

 Platelet (10⁹/L)

 Plasma glucose (mmol/L)

 Hemoglobin (g/L)

6.42 ± 3.85

70.32 ± 19.56

31.23 ± 10.27

32.95 ± 11.02

14.60 ± 8.03

154.19 ± 71.52

7.25 ± 4.89

109.84 ± 33.14

9.05 ± 4.13

103.59 ± 31.07

45.62 ± 16.44

60.38 ± 21.37

16.23 ± 9.15

134.08 ± 75.17

8.35 ± 5.18

117.08 ± 20.49

11.91 ± 9.39

154.08 ± 40.87

153.89 ± 48.01

196.35 ± 65.29

20.01 ± 9.66

127.60 ± 65.95

10.02 ± 7.11

118.05 ± 20.65

0.017*

0.021*

0.013*

0.009**

0.694

0.741

0.389

0.436

Pathogen strains, no (%)

0.058

 Escherichia coli

 Klebsiella pneumonia

 Pseudomonas aeruginosa

 Acinetobacter baumannii

 Other Gram-negative bacteria

 Staphylococcus aureus

 Enterococcus spp

6(10.71 %)

5(8.93 %)

2(3.57 %)

3(5.36 %)

2(3.57 %)

1(1.79 %)

1(1.79 %)

6(12.24 %)

4(8.16 %)

3(6.12 %)

4(8.16 %)

2(4.08 %)

2(4.08 %)

1(2.04 %)

5 (15.63 %)

4(12.50 %)

3(9.38 %)

3(9.38 %)

1(3.13 %)

2(6.25 %)

0(0.00 %)

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Site of infection, no (%)

0.713

 Lung

 Urinary tract

 Abdomen

 Other

18(32.14 %)

15(26.79 %)

11(19.64 %)

12(21.43 %)

23(46.94 %)

13(26.53 %)

7(14.29 %)

6(12.24 %)

15(46.88 %)

8(25.00 %)

6(18.75 %)

3(9.38 %)

-

-

-

-

Intervention, no (%)

Mechanical ventilation

CRRT

Vasopressor usage

Study outcome, no (%)

 28-day mortality

3(5.36 %)

2(3.57 %)

0(0.00 %)

2(3.57 %)

4(8.16 %)

6(12.24 %)

4(8.16 %)

4(8.16 %)

12(37.50 %)

15(46.88 %)

13(40.63 %)

14(43.75 %)

0.005**

0.004**

0.001**

0.001**