Fig. 2
From: Diaphragm assessment by two dimensional speckle tracking imaging in normal subjects
Examples of conventional assessment of diaphragm function. a Diaphragm thickening Fraction = diaphragm diameter at end-inspiration minus diaphragm diameter at end-expiration divided by diaphragm diameter at end-expiration, expressed as a percentage: [(DDinsp – DDexp)/DDexp] x 100. b Diaphragm caudal displacement with inspiration measured with a phased array transducer with the use of M-mode ultrasound in mid-axillary line in subcostal position