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Table 2 Anatomical measurements

From: Ultrasound versus anatomical landmarks for caudal epidural anesthesia in pediatric patients

Distance between the two superolateral sacral crests (base of the triangle; cm)

1 mo ~ 10y

4.9 ± 0.9

1 mo ~ 1 y

3.8 ± 0.6

1 ~ 2 y

4.4 ± 0.6

2 ~ 3 y

4.9 ± 0.6

3 ~ 4 y

5.2 ± 0.5

4 ~ 5 y

5.5 ± 0.6

5 ~ 6 y

5.6 ± 0.5

6 ~ 7 y

5.5 ± 0.6

7 ~ 8 y

6.6 ± 0.5

8 ~ 9 y

6.5 ± 0.5

9 ~ 10 y

6.8 ± 0.5

Difference between anatomical landmarks and ultrasound (cm)

1mo ~ 10y

0.7 ± 0.5

Percent difference (%)

1 mo ~ 10y

14 ± 10

1 mo ~ 1 y

13.6 ± 9.9

1 ~ 2 y

16.0 ± 9.9

2 ~ 3 y

15.1 ± 10.0

3 ~ 4 y

14.3 ± 9.1

4 ~ 5 y

15.6 ± 12.2

5 ~ 6 y

13.9 ± 8.8

6 ~ 7 y

12.6 ± 9.3

7 ~ 8 y

4.0 ± 6.8

8 ~ 9 y

6.0 ± 10.4

9 ~ 10 y

0.7 ± 1.6

  1. Data are expressed as the mean ± standard deviation (SD)