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Figure 1 | BMC Anesthesiology

Figure 1

From: Epinephrine reversed high-concentration bupivacaine- induced inhibition of calcium channels and transient outward potassium current channels, but not on sodium channel in ventricular myocytes of rats

Figure 1

Representative INa traces obtained from ventricular myocytes groups: control, bupivacaine 100 μmol/L alone, and bupivacaine with epinephrine 0.15 μg/ml. Family of current traces obtained by applying a series of 50 ms pulses ranging from -90 mV to 50 mV with a holding potential of -90 mV.

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BMC Anesthesiology

ISSN: 1471-2253

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