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Table 2 ICU utilization parameters

From: Introducing an integrated intermediate care unit improves ICU utilization: a prospective intervention study

Parameters

Pre-IMC period

IMC period

P-value

(No. and % of total ICU population)

N = 548

N = 479

 

1. Utilization of ICU

   

ICU length of stay (mean, ±SD)

7.5 (14.5)

7.7 (12.4)

0.74**

IMC length of stay (mean, ±SD)

-

3.4 (4.5)

 

Mechanical ventilation (% days)

71.9%

90.6%

< 0.001**

TISS-28 during ICU stay (mean, ±SD)

26.4 (8.7)

29 (9.5)

< 0.001**

TISS-28 on discharge day (mean, ±SD)

23.9 (9.2)

26.0 (10.1)

< 0.001**

TISS-28 on discharge day < 20

37.1%

28.1%

0.002**

2. Inappropriate bed use

   

Inappropriate ICU use

   

a. Active-Non active treatment

   

Patients

69 (11.9%)

7 (1.3%)

< 0.01*

Days

265 (3.2%)

19 (0.01%)

 

b. TISS-28 < 20

   

Days

764 (18.7%)

357 (9.7%)

<0.01*

Inappropriate cardiac ICU use

   

Patients

27 (4.9%)

17 (1.3%)

0.25*

Days

107 (2.5%)

50 (1.4%)

 

Inappropriate PACU use

   

Patients

19 (3.2%)

8 (1.5%)

0.02*

IMC patients in general ward

   

Patients

123 (21.1%)

64 (12.2%)

< 0.01*

Days

267 (6.1%)

153 (4.3%)

 

3. Accessibility of the ICU refused ICU admissions

   

Total number of patients

110 (20%)

77 (16%)

0.13*

Of whom real ICU indication

58 (10.6%)

37 (7.7%)

0.12*

4. Clinical outcome readmissions (total)

   
 

31 (5.2%)

38 (7.9%)

0.15*

Readmissions from general ward

31 (5.2%)

24 (4.6%)

0.56*

Of which readmission <48 h.

7 (1.2%)

3 (0.6%)

0.27*

Readmission from IMC

-

14 (2.7%)

-

Mortality at ICU

91 (16,6%)

108 (22.5%)

0.02*

Mortality on general ward

24 (4.4%)

20 (4.2%)

0.80*

  1. *chi-square tests; **Mann–Whitney tests.