Table 4 Operative and pathology of patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenal resection with and without complications
Overall | Complications | No complications | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
(n = 150) | (n = 86) | (n = 64) | ||
Malignancy | 125 (83%) | 74 (86%) | 51 (80%) | 0.301 |
Epidural anesthesia | 84 (57%) | 45 (53%) | 39 (62%) | 0.276 |
Intrathecal morphine | 20 (13%) | 8 (9%) | 12 (19%) | 0.092 |
Pylorus preserving | 63 (42%) | 40 (47%) | 23 (36%) | 0.194 |
Surgeons with higher surgical volumes* | 0.001* | |||
Surgeon 1 | 52 (35%) | 17 (20%) | 35 (55%) | |
Surgeon 2 | 29 (19%) | 19 (22%) | 10 (16%) | |
Surgeon 3 | 13 (9%) | 8 (9%) | 5 (8%) | |
Surgeon 4 | 9 (6%) | 6 (7%) | 3 (5%) | |
Surgeon 5 | 20 (13%) | 15 (17%) | 5 (8%) | |
Other | 27 (18%) | 21 (24%) | 6 (9%) | |
Estimated blood loss (ml) | 350 (100–2500) | 350 (100–1900) | 400 (200–2500) | 0.027* |
Blood transfusions intraoperative | 28 (19%) | 16 (19%) | 12 (19%) | 0.982 |
Intraoperative fluids (l) | 5.0 (1.0–12.3) | 5.4 (2.5–12.3) | 5.0 (1.0–10.6) | 0.047* |
Fluid balance (l) | 4.5 (0.2–12.0) | 4.7 (1.6–12.0) | 4.1 (0.2–9.4) | 0.044* |
Inotropes and vasoconstrictors | 0.89 | |||
Total use | 90 (60%) | 55 (64%) | 35 (55%) | |
Norepinephrine | 8 (5%) | 5 (6%) | 3 (5%) | |
Metaraminol | 70 (47%) | 39 (45%) | 31 (48%) | |
Ephedrine | 15 (10%) | 9 (10%) | 8 (13%) | |
Dopamine | 5 (3%) | 3 (3%) | 2 (3%) | |
Operative time (hours) | 7.0 (3–15.8) | 6.6 (3–15.8) | 7.2 (3–12) | 0.056 |