Table 3 Description of the participants, VAP incidence, and mortality in the selected clinical assays
Paper | Sample size | VAP incidence (% or per 1000 mechanically ventilated patients/day) | p value | Mortality (%) | p value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Â | HME group | HH group | HME group | HH group | Â | HME group | HH group | Â |
Martin et al., 1990 [23] | 31 patients under MV | 42 patients under MV | 7% | 19% | >0.05 | 22 | 26 | >0.05 |
Roustan et al., 1992 [26] | 55 patients under MV | 61 patients under MV | 9.1% | 14.8% | >0.05 | 24.6 | 18.2 | >0.05 |
Dreyfuss et al., 1995 [22] | 61 patients under MV | 70 patients under MV | 9.8% (6 cases) | 11.4% (8 cases) | >0.05 | 28 | 17 | >0.05 |
| Â | Confidence interval: 3.7-20.2% | Confidence interval: 5.1-21.3% | Â | |||||
Boots et al., 1997 [21] | 75 patients under MV | 41 patients under MV | 19% | 17% | >0.05 | 17.3 | 9.7 | >0.05 |
Kirton et al., 1997 [24] | 140 patients under MV | 140 patients under MV | Early: 35 VAP cases per one thousand ventilated patients per day | Early: 31 VAP cases per one thousand ventilated patients per day | Early: p = >0.05 | Data not shown | ||
| Â | Late: < 0.05 | |||||||
| Â | Late: 12 VAP cases per one thousand ventilated patients per day | Late: 26 VAP cases per one thousand ventilated patients per day | Â | |||||
Kollef et al., 1998 [25] | 163 patients under MV | 147 patients under MV | 20 VAP cases per one thousand ventilated patients per day | 27.6 VAP cases per one thousand ventilated patients per day | Relative Risk: 0.90 | 24.5 | 26.5 | >0.05 |
CI: 0.46-1.78 | ||||||||
p >0.05 | ||||||||
Memish et al., 2001 [20] | 123 patients under MV | 120 patients under MV | 13.3 VAP cases per one thousand ventilated patients per day. | 15.7 VAP cases per one thousand ventilated patients per day. | p >0.05 | 28.8 | 25 | > 0.05 |
Lacherade et al., 2005 [14] | 186 patients under MV | 184 patients under MV | 27.4 VAP cases per one thousand ventilated patients per day | 25.3 VAP cases per one thousand ventilated patients per day | 0.76 | 32.4 | 34.2 | > 0.05 |
Odds Ratio (0.58–1.57) | ||||||||
p > 0,05 | ||||||||
Boots et al., 2006 [15] | 190 patients | 2 HH groups | 13% | - Group with heating upon inspiration: 10% | 0.61 | 15 | - Group with heating upon inspiration: 14 | > 0.05 |
- Group with heating upon inspiration: 94 | ||||||||
- Group with heating upon inspiration and expiration: 97 | - Group with heating upon inspiration and expiration: 10% | - Group with heating upon inspiration and expiration: 22 | ||||||
Lorente et al., 2006 [19] | 53 patients under MV | 51 patients under MV | 21 episodes (39%) | 8 episodes (15%) | Hazard Ratio 16.2 (4.54-58.04) | Data not shown | ||
p < 0.05 | ||||||||