Figure 3From: Effects of midazolam, pentobarbital and ketamine on the mRNA expression of ion channels in a model organism Daphnia pulex Effects of pentobarbital on the expression of the Daphnia ion channel genes. Daphnids were exposed to 200 μM pentobarbital for 4 hours and killed for mRNA quantification. Seven genes are downregulated and four genes are upregulated at transcriptional level by pentobarbital. Statistical significance was set at a level of P < 0.05 (*) and P < 0.01 (**).Back to article page