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Table 1 Steady-state rate of infusion of cisatracurium controlled by closed-loop feedback system to maintain neuromuscular blockade constant at 90% during total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) with air (Air/TIVA) or with nitrous oxide (Nitrous oxide/TIVA).

From: Effect of nitrous oxide on cisatracurium infusion demands: a randomized controlled trial

 

Patients

Controller performance

Time to 10% recovery of T1 following the initial bolus (min)

Cumulative dose of cisatracurium/IBW (mg/kg)

Steady-state rate of infusion of cisatracurium

Group

No.

(M/F)

ASA

(1/2/3)

Age

(yr)

Weight

(kg)

Height

(cm)

Offset from

set-point (%)

SD from set-point (%)

  

Iss

(mg/h)

Iss/IBW

(mg·kg-1·h-1)

Air/TIVA

35

(20/15)

23/12/0

47.3 ± 12.6

75.0 ± 14.3

173 ± 11

0.96 ± 1.25

3.03 ± 1.34

31.5 ± 6.1

12.4 ± 2.6

4.8 ± 1.5

0.072 ± 0.018

Nitrous oxide/TIVA

35

(22/13)

18/16/1

48.6 ± 12.3

77.7 ± 15.1

174 ± 10

1.10 ± 1.28

2.95 ± 1.19

34.4 ± 7.6

12.1 ± 2.2

4.5 ± 1.2

0.066 ± 0.017

Mean difference (95% CI)

  

1.3

(-4.7, 7.2)

2.7

(-4.3, 9.7)

1.3

(-3.8, 6.3)

0.14

(-0.47, 0.74)

-0.08

(-0.68, 0.53)

2.9

(-0.4, 6.2)

0.3

(-1.5, 0.8)

-0.3

(-1.0, 0.3)

-0.005

(-0.014, 0.003)

  1. Values are mean ± SD. There were no statistically significant differences between the groups.
  2. ASA = American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status classification; CI = confidence interval of the difference in mean values; IBW = ideal body weight; Iss = asymptotic steady-state rate of infusion; Iss/IBW = asymptotic steady-state rate of infusion per kg ideal body weight; NMB = neuromuscular blockade; SD = standard deviation; T1 = first twitch in the train-of-four sequence.